Linguists have often argued that recursion produces linguistic complexity. However, recursion itself preexisting processes such as lexical insertion, lexical combination, memory stacks, and methods of interpretation. In the brain, recursion is an emergent property of a set of adaptations that involve at least six processing systems. Linguistic complexity arises from the interplay of all six of these systems. The complexity of this neuronal support means that the full complexity of human language could not have arisen fortuitously at some single moment in evolution. However, there is evidence that some pieces of the six systems supporting complexity have developed more recently than others.
2015. Language Evolution. In The Handbook of Language Emergence, ► pp. 600 ff.
Ariel, Mira
2014. Orconstructions: Monosemy vs. polysemy. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 333 ff.
Bornkessel‐Schlesewsky, Ina & Matthias Schlesewsky
2014. Competition in argument interpretation: Evidence from the neurobiology of language. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 107 ff.
Bánréti, Zoltán
2010. Recursion in aphasia. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 24:11 ► pp. 906 ff.
Cristofaro, Sonia
2014. Competing motivation models and diachrony: What evidence for what motivations?. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 282 ff.
Dressler, Wolfgang U., Gary Libben & Katharina Korecky‐Kröll
2014. Conflicting vs. convergent vs. interdependent motivations in morphology. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 180 ff.
Du Bois, John W.
2014. Motivating competitions. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 262 ff.
Francis, Elaine J. & Laura A. Michaelis
2014. Why move? How weight and discourse factors combine to predict relative clause extraposition in English. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 70 ff.
Haiman, John
2014. Six competing motives for repetition. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 246 ff.
Haspelmath, Martin
2014. On system pressure competing with economic motivation. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 197 ff.
Hawkins, John A.
2014. Patterns in competing motivations and the interaction of principles. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 54 ff.
Helmbrecht, Johannes
2014. Politeness distinctions in personal pronouns: A case study on competing motivations. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 315 ff.
Hughes, Mary E. & Shanley E. M. Allen
2014. Competing motivations in children's omission of subjects? The interaction between verb finiteness and referent accessibility. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 144 ff.
Kaltenböck, Gunther & Bernd Heine
2014. Sentence grammar vs. thetical grammar: Two competing domains?. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 348 ff.
Krajewski, Grzegorz & Elena Lieven
2014. Competing cues in early syntactic development. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 163 ff.
Lamers, Monique J. A. & Helen de Hoop
2014. Animate object fronting in Dutch: A production study. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 42 ff.
Lobina, David J.
2017. Recursion,
MacWhinney, Brian
2014. Conclusions: Competition across time. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 364 ff.
MacWhinney, Brian
2015. Introduction. In The Handbook of Language Emergence, ► pp. 1 ff.
Brian MacWhinney, Andrej Malchukov & Edith Moravcsik
2014. Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage,
Malchukov, Andrej
2014. Resolving alignment conflicts: A competing motivations approach. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 16 ff.
Mondorf, Britta
2014. Apparently competing motivations in morphosyntactic variation. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 209 ff.
Moravcsik, Edith
2014. Introduction. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 1 ff.
Newmeyer, Frederick J.
2014. Where do motivations compete?. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 299 ff.
Pfeiffer, Martin
2014. Formal vs. functional motivations for the structure of self‐repair in German. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 229 ff.
Pleyer, Michael & Stefan Hartmann
2019. Constructing a Consensus on Language Evolution? Convergences and Differences Between Biolinguistic and Usage-Based Approaches. Frontiers in Psychology 10
Rowland, Caroline F., Claire Noble & Angel Chan
2014. Competition all the way down: How children learn word order cues to sentence meaning. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 127 ff.
Strunk, Jan
2014. A statistical model of competing motivations affecting relative clause extraposition in German. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. 88 ff.
Tabatabaei Ghomi, Hamed & Antonio Benítez‐Burraco
2024. A philosophical analysis of the emergence of language. Theoria 90:1 ► pp. 30 ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. Copyright Page. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. List of abbreviations. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. xviii ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. Preface. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. vii ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. List of figures and tables. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. xiv ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. Notes on contributors. In Competing Motivations in Grammar and Usage, ► pp. viii ff.
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