Elements of Structural Syntax
Translator
| Zhejiang University
| Université Paris Ouest Nanterre
e-Book – Open Access 
ISBN 9789027269997
This volume appears now finally in English, sixty years after the death of its author, Lucien Tesnière. It has been translated from the French original into German, Spanish, Italian, and Russian, and now at long last into English as well. The volume contains a comprehensive approach to the syntax of natural languages, an approach that is foundational for an entire stream in the modern study of syntax and grammar. This stream is known today as dependency grammar (DG). Drawing examples from dozens of languages, many of which he was proficient in, Tesnière presents insightful analyses of numerous phenomena of syntax. Among the highlights are the concepts of valency and head-initial vs. head-final languages. These concepts are now taken for granted by most modern theories of syntax, even by phrase structure grammars, which represent, in a sense, the opposite sort of approach to syntax from what Tesnière was advocating.
As of February 2018, this e-book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched.
[Not in series, 185] 2015. lxxxii, 698 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins
The e-Book is available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
Table of Contents
|
List of stemmas
|
xvii–xxvii
|
|
xxix–lxxiii
|
|
|
Foreword
|
lxxv
|
|
Preface to the first original edition
|
lxxvii–lxxxi
|
|
Preface to the second original edition
|
lxxxi–lxxxii
|
|
Part 1. The connection
|
|
|
Preamble
|
3–96
|
|
Structure of the simple sentence
|
97–189
|
|
Question and negation
|
191–237
|
|
Valency
|
239–284
|
|
Metataxis
|
285–323
|
|
Part 2. Junction
|
|
|
325–362
|
|
|
Part 3. Transfer
|
|
|
Introduction
|
365–413
|
|
First-degree transfer, simple transfer
|
415–481
|
|
First-degree transfer, multiple transfer
|
483–550
|
|
Second degree transfer, simple transfer
|
551–632
|
|
Second-degree transfer, multiple transfer
|
633–644
|
|
Applications
|
645–680
|
|
Index of terms
|
681–690
|
|
Index of languages
|
691–693
|
|
Index of linguists
|
695–696
|
|
Index of citations
|
697–698
|
Cited by
Cited by other publications
Abraham, Werner & Elisabeth Leiss
2017.
In Contrastive Studies in Verbal Valency [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 237],
► pp. 28 ff. 
Böhm, Roger
2018.
In Substance-based Grammar – The (Ongoing) Work of John Anderson [Studies in Language Companion Series, 204],
► pp. 261 ff.
Cohen, Shay
2016. Bayesian Analysis in Natural Language Processing.
Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies 9:2 ► pp. 1 ff.
Cohen, Shay
2019. Bayesian Analysis in Natural Language Processing, Second Edition.
Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies 12:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
de Marneffe, Marie-Catherine & Joakim Nivre
2019. Dependency Grammar.
Annual Review of Linguistics 5:1 ► pp. 197 ff.
Gao, Jun & Haitao Liu
2019. Valency and English learners’ thesauri.
International Journal of Lexicography 32:3 ► pp. 326 ff.
Gobbo, Federico
2017. Are planned languages less complex than natural languages?.
Language Sciences 60 ► pp. 36 ff.
Gobbo, Federico, Marco Benini, Jean H.M. Wagemans, Pierpaolo Dondio, Luca Longo & Stefano Bistarelli
2020. Annotation with adpositional argumentation.
Intelligenza Artificiale 13:2 ► pp. 155 ff.
Hahn, Michael, Dan Jurafsky & Richard Futrell
2020. Universals of word order reflect optimization of grammars for efficient communication.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117:5 ► pp. 2347 ff.
Hudson, Richard
2017. Structural priming supports grammatical networks.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40
Imrényi, András & Zsuzsa Vladár
2020.
In Chapters of Dependency Grammar [Studies in Language Companion Series, 212],
► pp. 164 ff.
Jastrząb, Tomasz, Grzegorz Kwiatkowski & Paweł Sadowski
2016.
In Beyond Databases, Architectures and Structures. Advanced Technologies for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery [Communications in Computer and Information Science, 613],
► pp. 357 ff.
Mazziotta, Nicolas
2016. Drawing Syntax before Syntactic Trees.
Historiographia Linguistica 43:3 ► pp. 301 ff.
Neuman, Yair
2019.
In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Math Cognition [Mathematics in Mind, ],
► pp. 315 ff.
Osborne, Timothy
2019.
In A Dependency Grammar of English,
Osborne, Timothy
2020.
In Chapters of Dependency Grammar [Studies in Language Companion Series, 212],
► pp. 190 ff.
OSBORNE, TIMOTHY & THOMAS GROẞ
2017. Left node blocking.
Journal of Linguistics 53:3 ► pp. 641 ff.
Przepiórkowski, Adam
2017.
In Argumenty i modyfikatory w gramatyce i w słowniku,
Przepiórkowski, Adam
2018. The origin of the valency metaphor in linguistics.
Lingvisticae Investigationes 41:1 ► pp. 152 ff.
Przepiórkowski, Adam & Agnieszka Patejuk
2020. From Lexical Functional Grammar to enhanced Universal Dependencies.
Language Resources and Evaluation 54:1 ► pp. 185 ff.
Sass, Bálint
2018.
In Text, Speech, and Dialogue [Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 11107],
► pp. 231 ff.
Sériot, Patrick
2020.
In Chapters of Dependency Grammar [Studies in Language Companion Series, 212],
► pp. 254 ff.
Wang, Yalan
2020. Quantitative Analysis of Dependency Structures.
Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 27:1 ► pp. 83 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 26 march 2020. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
References
Literature
Ajdukiewicz, K.
1935 Die syntaktische Konnexität. Studia Philosophica 1, 1–27.
Arnavielle, T.
1995 Lucien Tesnière à Montpellier. In Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella (1995), Lucien Tesnière aujourd’ hui, 83–86.
Arrivé, M.
1969 Les éléments de syntaxe structurale de Lucien Tesnière. Langue française 1, 36–40.
Bar-Hillel, Y.
1953 A quasi-arithmetical notation for syntactic description. Language 29, 1, 47–58.
Bloomfield, L.
1933 Language. New York.
Böhmová, A., J. Hajič, E. Hajičová, and B. Hladká
2003 The Prague Dependency Treebank. In A. Abeillé (ed.) Treebanks: Building and Using Parsed Corpora, pp. 103–127. Netherlands: Springer.
Bohnet, B.
2010 Very high accuracy and fast dependency parsing is not a contradiction. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics (Coling)
, pp. 89–97.
Brassai, S.
1860–1863[2011] A magyar mondat. [The Hungarian sentence.] Edited by Elekfi L. and Kiefer F., Budapest: Tinta.
Bresnan, J.
2001 Lexical-Functional Syntax. Blackwell.
Bröker, N.
1998 The formation of comparative clauses in French and English. University of Stuttgart. arXiv:cmp.I/9807009.
Chomsky, N.
1957 Syntactic Structure. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Coseriu, E.
1980 Un précurseur méconnu de la syntaxe structurale: H. Titkin, Recherches de linguistique: Hommages à Maurice Leroy , Editions de l’Université de Bruxelles, 48–62.
Croft, W.
1996 What’s a head?. In J. Rooryck and L. Zaring (eds.), Phrase Structure and the Lexicon, 35–75. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Daumas, F.
1957 Lucien Tesnière (1893–1954). Jalons biographiques, Orbis – Bulletin International de Documentation Linguistique 6, 1, Louvain, 253–258.
De Marneffe, M.C., B. MacCartney, and C. Manning
2006 Generating typed dependency parses from phrase structure parses. In
Proceedings of LREC
, 449–454.
De Marneffe, M.C. and C. Manning
2008 Stanford typed dependencies manual. http://nlp.stanford.edu/downloads/dependencies_manual.pdf.
Engel, U.
1994 Syntax der deutschen Gegenwartssprache, 3rd revised edition. Berlin : Erich Schmidt Verlag.
Eroms, H.-W.
2000 Syntax der deutschen Sprache. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Fourquet, J.
1996 Ce que je dois à Lucien Tesnière. In Gréciano and Schumacher (1996), Lucien Tesnière – Syntaxe structurale et opérations mentales, 1–6.
Gaifman, H.
1965 Dependency systems and phrase-structure systems, Information and Control 18, 304–337. Rand Corporation (1961), RM-2315.
Garde, P.
1977 Ordre linéaire et dépendance syntaxique: Contribution à une typologie. Bulletin de la Société Linguistique de Paris 72, 1, 1–26.
Gerdes, K., E. Hajičová, and L. Wanner
(eds.) 2011
Proceedings of the first international conference on Dependency Linguistics (DepLing)
, Barcelona.
Gerdes, K.E. Hajičová E., and L. Wanner
(eds.) 2013
Proceedings of the second international conference on Dependency Linguistics (DepLing)
, Prague.
Gerdes, K. and S. Kahane
2013 Defining dependency (and constituency). In K. Gerdes, E. Hajičová, and L. Wanner (eds.), Computational Dependency Linguistics, IOS Press.
Gosselin, L.
1995 Connexion structurale et incidence sémantique : le cas des circonstant. In Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella (1995), Lucien Tesnière aujourd’ hui, 137–142.
Gréciano, G. and H. Schumacher
Hajič, J.
1998 Building a syntactically annotated corpus: The Prague Dependency Treebank. In E. Hajičová (ed.), Issues of Valency and Meaning. Studies in Honour of Jarmila Panevová, Karolinum, Charles University Press, Prague, Czech Republic,106–132.
Hays, D.
1960 Grouping and dependency theories. Technical report RM-2646, Rand Corporation.
1964 Dependency theory: A formalism and some observations. Language 40, 4, 511–525.
Harris, Z.S.
1951 Methods in Structural Linguistics. Chicago University Press.
Hockett, C.F.
1958 A Course in Modern Linguistics. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Hudson, R.
1984 Word Grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.
1990 An English Word Grammar. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
2007 Language Networks: The New Word Grammar. Oxford University Press.
Imrényi, A.
2013 Constituency or dependency? Notes on Sámuel Brassai’s syntactic model of Hungarian. In P. Szigetvári (ed.), VLlxx. Papers Presented to László Varga on his 70th Birthday. ELTE: Department of English Linguistics, 167–182.
Jackendoff, R.
1972 Gapping and related rules. Linguistic Inquiry 2, 21–35.
Jespersen, O.
1924 Philosophy of Grammar. New York: Henry Holt and Company.
1937[1984] Analytic Syntax. University of Chicago Press.
Johnson, C. and C.J. Fillmore
2000 The FrameNet tagset for frame-semantic and syntactic coding of predicate-argument structure.
Proceedings of the first North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics conference
. Association for Computational Linguistics, 56–62.
Joshi, A.K.
1987 An introduction to Tree Adjoining Grammars. In A. Manaster-Ramer (ed.), Mathematics of Language, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 87–115.
Jung, W.-Y.
1994 Syntaktische Relationen im Rahmen der Dependenzgrammatik. Hamburg: Buske.
Kabano, A.
2000 Le destin de la théorie syntaxique de Lucien Tesnière (1893–1954). Historiographia linguistica 27, 1, 103–126.
Kahane, S.
1997 Bubble trees and syntactic representations.
Proceedings of the 5th Meeting of the Mathematics of Language (MOL)
. Association for Computational Linguistics, 70–76.
Kahane, S. and N. Mazziotta
. (in preparation) Syntactic polygraphs: A common representation for constituency and dependency.
Kaplan, R.M. and J. Bresnan
1982 Lexical-functional grammar: A formal system for grammatical representation. Formal Issues in Lexical-Functional Grammar, 29–130.
Kübler S., R. McDonald, and J. Nivre
2009, Dependency parsing, Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies.
Lascarides, A. and N. Asher
1991 Discourse relations and defeasible knowledge.
Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
, Association for Computational Linguistics, 55–62.
Lazard, G.
1995 La définition des actants. In Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella (1995), Lucien Tesnière aujourd’ hui, 151–158.
Lecerf, Y.
1960 Programme des conflits, modèle des conflits. Bulletin bimestriel de l’ ATALA 1, 4, 11–18.
1961 Une représentation algébrique de la structure des phrases dans diverses langues naturelles, Compte Rendu de l’ Académie des Sciences de Paris 252, 232–234.
Lemaréchal, A.
1989 Les parties du discours. Paris: PUF.
Madray-Lesigne, F. and J. Richard-Zappella
Marcus, M.P., M.A. Marcinkiewicz, and B. Santorini
1993 Building a large annotated corpus of English: The Penn Treebank. Computational linguistics 19, 2, 313–330.
Mel’čuk, I.
1988 Dependency Syntax: Theory and Practice. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Mel’čuk, I. and N. Pertsov
1987 Surface Syntax of English: A formal Model within the Meaning-Text Framework. Benjamins.
Nasr, A.
1995 A formalism and a parser for lexicalised dependency grammars.
Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Parsing Technologies (IWPT)
. State University of NY Press.
Nilsson, J., S. Riedel, and D. Yuret
2007 The CoNLL 2007 shared task on dependency parsing. In
Proceedings of the CoNLL Shared Task Session of EMNLP-CoNLL
, 915–932.
Nivre, J., J. Hall, J. Nilsson, A. Chanev, G. Eryigit, S. Kübler, S. Marinov, and E. Marsi
2007 MaltParser: A language-independent system for data-driven dependency parsing. Natural Language Engineering 13, 2, 95–135.
Osborne, T., M. Putnam, and T. Groß
2011 Bare phrase structure, label-less trees, and specifier-less syntax: Is Minimalism becoming a dependency grammar? The Linguistic Review 28, 315–364.
Osborne, T. and T. Groß
2012 Constructions are catenae: Construction Grammar meets dependency grammar. Cognitive Linguistics 23, 1, 165–216.
Owczarak, K., J. van Genabith, and A. Way
2007 Evaluating machine translation with LFG dependencies. Machine Translation 21, 95–119.
Pinkham, J.
1982 The Formation of Comparative Clauses in French and English. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University.
Pollard, C. and I. Sag
1994 Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. University of Chicago Press.
Postal, P.
1974 On Raising: One Rule of English Grammar and Its Theoretical Implications. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Reed, A. and B. Kellogg
1877 Higher Lessons in English: A Work on English Grammar and Composition. Clark and Maynard.
Ross, J.
1970 Gapping and the order of constituents. In M. Bierwisch and K.E. Heidolph (eds.), Progress in Linguistics: A Collection of Papers. The Hague: Mouton.
Rousseau, A.
1995 Le graphe de Tesnière : origines et originalités. In Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella, Lucien Tesnière aujourd’ hui, 75–82.
Schank, R.
1969 Conceptual dependency as a framework for linguistic analysis. Linguistics 49, 28–50.
Schubert, K.
1987 Metataxis: Contrastive Dependency Syntax for Machine Translation. Dordrecht: Foris,
Sgall, P.
1967 Generativní popis jazyka a česká deklinace [Generative description of language and Czech declension]. Prague: Academia.
Sgall, P., E. Hajicová, and J. Panevová
1986 The Meaning of the Sentence in its Semantic and Pragmatic Aspects. Springer.
Sleator, D. and D. Temperley
1993 Parsing English with a Link Grammar.
Third International Workshop on Parsing Technologies
, Carnegie Mellon Univ. Comp. Sc. Techn. Report CMU-CS-91-196, 1991.
Sowa, J.
1976 Conceptual graphs for a database interface. IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol. 20, 4, 336–357.
Starosta, S.
1988 The Case for Lexicase: An Outline of Lexicase Grammatical Theory. New York: Pinter Publishers.
Tesnière, L.
1931 Oton Joupantchitch, Poète slovène, l’ homme et l’ œuvre. Paris.
1934 Comment construire une syntaxe. Bulletin de la Faculté des Lettres de Strasbourg, 7, 12ème année
, 219–229.
1937 Curriculum vitae de Monsieur Tesnière, reprinted in Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella (1995), 410–412 .
1939 Eléments d’ un rapport sur l’ activité scientifique de Monsieur Tesnière, reprinted in Madray-Lesigne and Richard-Zappella (1995), 405–409 .
1953 Esquisse d’ une syntaxe structurale. Paris: Klincksieck.
1959 Éléments de syntaxe structurale. Paris: Kincksieck.
1966 Éléments de syntaxe structurale, 2nd edition. Paris: Klincksieck
Tesnière, M.-H.
1996 Le fonds Lucien Tesnière à la Bibliothèque national de France. In Gréciano and Schumacher (eds) 1996, Lucien Tesnière – Syntaxe structurale et opérations mentales, 7–14.
Žolkovskij A. and I. Mel’čuk
1967 O semantičeskom sinteze [On the semantic synthesis (of texts)], Problemy Kybernetiki [Problems of Cybernetics] 19, 177–238. [Fr. transl.: Sur la synthèse sémantique (de textes),1970, T.A. Information 2, 1–85.]
Zwicky, A.
1985 Heads. Journal of Linguistics 21, 1, 1–29.
Subjects
BIC Subject: CFK – Grammar, syntax
BISAC Subject: LAN009060 – LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Syntax
U.S. Library of Congress Control Number: 2014021968