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Part of
The Art and Architecture of Academic Writing
Patricia Prinz and Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir
[Not in series 231] 2021
► pp. 237–266

Chapter 11
Conducting Research for an Academic Paper

Article outline
  • A.Examining the research paper
    • 1.The literature review
      • Practice: Reading to write 1: A review of the literature
      • Practice: Reading to write 2: A review of the literature
    • 2.Understanding the assignment
    • 3.Examining the new working thesis
    • 4.Developing a new working thesis
    • 5.Formatting the research paper
  • B.Examining published sources: A review of the literature
    • 1.Disciplinary literacy – academic genres
    • 2.Strategies for finding sources
    • 3.Identifying sources
    • 4.Strategies for choosing reliable and relevant secondary sources
      • a.Quantity and diversity of scholarly sources
      • b.Date of publication
      • c.Quality and reliability
    • 5.Evaluating sources
  • C.Reading and documenting selected sources
    • 1.Strategies for reading secondary sources
      • a.Strategies for reading a scholarly book
      • b.Strategies for reading an article
      • c.Strategies for reading selected sources
    • 2.Evaluating the relevance of selected sources
      • Evaluating the relevance of selected sources
    • 3.Documenting selected sources
      • a.Documenting sources during the literature review
      • b.Using APA for in-text citations and the list of references
    • Practice: Documenting selected sources using the APA format
  • D.Taking notes while reading
    • 1.Annotation
      • a.Examining annotation
      • b.An annotated reference
        • Practice: Writing an annotation
    • 2.Quoting, paraphrasing and summarizing
      • a.Strategies for quoting secondary sources
      • b.Strategies for paraphrasing secondary sources
      • c.Strategies for summarizing secondary sources
        • Practice: Writing quotations
        • Practice: Writing paraphrase
        • Practice: Writing summaries
  • E.Organizing sources for inclusion in the paper
    • 1.Strategies for organizing sources according to themes
      • a.Examining ideas that support John’s thesis
      • b.T chart
    • 2.Organizing new information for inclusion in the research paper
    • 3.Reevaluating the strength and relevance of the new information
      • Triangulation
        • Data triangulation framework for a paragraph based on one idea
  • F.Expanding language
Published online: 10 September 2021
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https://doi.org/10.1075/z.231.c11