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Journal mutations
Part of
The Art and Architecture of Academic Writing
Patricia Prinz and Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir
[
Not in series
231] 2021
► pp.
295
–
◄
previous
Index
A
academic communication
8
academic discourse
8, 12, 18, 138
academic discourse community
8
academic genres
6, 90, 245
academic language
11, 18
academic research
51, 160
academic texts
10, 20
academic vocabulary
9, 12–15, 20–21
academic voice
1, 14, 23
academic word families
20
Academic Word List
12, 20
academic writing
3–5, 11, 17–19, 23–24, 45–46, 51, 58–61, 89, 137, 159–160, 163, 211, 216, 237, 273–274
adjective
41–42, 71, 123–124
adjectives
42, 71, 79, 123, 233
adverb
20, 42, 63, 106, 124
adverbial clauses
62–63, 66
adverbs
41–42, 105, 123
analysis
27, 31, 117, 127, 160, 183, 188–195, 203, 216, 224
analyze
37, 47, 67, 86, 98–99, 120, 132, 161, 187, 192, 195, 204, 238
analyzing the data
203
annotated
254–256
annotation
255–256
APA
17, 79, 153, 155, 164, 167, 169, 177, 183, 216–219, 231–235, 240, 252, 254, 256
architecture
3, 23–24, 59–60, 67, 80, 89, 113, 116, 127, 154
argument
26–27, 31, 89, 161, 176, 238, 283
arranging to write (AWARE)
3, 46–47, 75, 82, 98, 102, 119–120, 132, 144, 150, 199, 226, 242, 243, 247, 249, 251, 254, 263, 265, 269, 277, 278, 282, 286
art
3, 14, 59
article
4, 14, 118, 138, 173, 174–177, 188, 234–235, 244, 248–249, 251–254, 258, 264, 274
articles
8, 138, 162, 197, 202, 218, 233, 241, 244–246, 248, 251–253, 264, 287
assess
13, 36, 37, 55, 58, 67, 78, 101–102, 145, 151, 186, 202, 229, 267, 286
assessing (AWARE)
3, 46, 55–58, 59, 78, 83, 101–102, 111, 121, 134, 145, 151, 229, 286
assessing strategy
101, 102, 121, 229
assessment
23, 59–60, 78, 122, 203, 286
assessment checklist
58
assignment
4, 17, 19, 36, 38, 47, 51, 54–56, 67, 74–75, 82–83, 85, 153, 155, 159, 161, 182–183, 216, 219, 231, 238, 240, 244, 248, 271, 289
assignments
4, 6, 16, 18, 38, 51, 55–56, 127, 154–155, 159–160, 182, 211, 238, 267
author (authors)
16–17, 29–32, 163–174, 176–179, 216–219, 233–235, 252–254
AWARE
3–4, 45–67, 74, 82, 111, 131, 137, 144, 154, 183, 207, 209
AWARE Approach
45, 67
B
background information
25, 36, 140–141, 144–145, 152, 220, 222, 245, 282
background questions
140
blueprint
28, 272, 276–277
body paragraph
25, 31, 34–35, 54, 78, 92, 121, 128, 213, 282, 289
body paragraphs
23, 25–26, 28–29, 31–32, 34–35, 53–54, 56–57, 60, 75, 77, 89–90, 92–94, 96–97, 100–101, 111, 113–115, 118, 120–121, 128–131, 134, 140, 152–155, 207, 209, 211, 227, 267, 271, 272–275, 276–279, 282, 286, 289
brainstorm
50, 53, 67, 75
brainstorming
47, 49–50, 75–77, 82, 98–99, 120, 132, 242
building blocks
3, 23, 25, 59–60, 80, 90, 183, 232–233
C
case studies
7, 90, 160, 181–184, 220
case study
46, 159–163, 181–205, 207–266, 268
case study research question
181, 187
case study research questions
176, 186–187
causal language
111, 127, 130–131, 134, 231
cause (see cause/effect, cause and effect)
63–64, 127–134, 154–155
cause and effect
29, 127, 131–135, 154–155
cause/effect
26–28, 30, 89, 111, 127, 137, 148, 154
checklist
58, 78, 79, 84, 123, 125, 134, 135, 152, 153, 179, 227, 231, 289
Chicago
17, 153, 191
citation
16–17, 162–164, 167, 177, 191, 207, 209, 216–220, 230, 232–233, 240, 243, 252–253, 257–258
citations
211, 213, 216–218, 220, 231–233, 240, 246, 253, 254, 259, 290
cite
216, 218, 227, 237, 251–252, 263
citing
16, 159, 163, 216, 232, 252, 255, 280
clause (clauses)
10, 39, 62–66, 79, 84, 105–106, 126
cluster
47, 98, 241–242, 259–261
clustering
47, 98, 100, 132, 201
code (codes)
192–195, 203–204
code index
194, 203
coding
193–195, 203
cohesion
67, 95, 105, 211–212, 215, 230, 277, 279, 287
collect
189, 202–203
collection
172, 183, 185, 188–191, 201–203, 261
comma splices
125–126, 135, 153, 179, 291
comma usage
79, 84
commonly confused words
124
communicate
8, 23–24
communication
4–6, 18–19, 28, 39, 137–138, 218–220, 231–232
communities
5, 8, 237
community
4–6, 8, 17–18, 23–24, 26, 28, 162
community of practice
6
compare (see compare and contrast, compare/contrast)
12, 25, 27–28, 30, 34, 36
compare and contrast
30, 111
compare/contrast
26–28, 31, 37, 89, 111–113, 115, 118, 120, 137, 143–145, 148, 151
concluding sentence
74, 185, 212, 214, 227, 239, 276, 277, 279
concluding sentences
89, 212, 214–215, 230, 267
conclusions
137, 146–152, 252, 257, 271, 283, 284–286, 289
conducting research
47, 51, 60, 161, 181, 183, 207, 237
conjunction
63–64, 124, 270
conjunctions
63, 79, 227, 287
connectors (see discourse connectors)
contrast (see compare and contrast, compare/contrast)
26–27, 30, 63, 112–115, 116, 118–121, 124, 144–145, 150–153
contrasts
212
counterpoint
144–145
Coxhead
12, 13
D
data (see primary data, see secondary data sources)
13, 134, 160–162, 172, 181–205, 207–213, 216, 229–230, 245, 259–261, 263–264, 265, 270, 276, 291
data collection
172, 183, 185, 189–191, 197–198, 200–203, 207, 209, 261
data triangulation
198, 264, 265
date of publication
165, 176, 234–235, 248, 252, 254
description
19, 26, 27, 28, 30, 38, 69–78, 85, 153, 155, 83, 240, 255–269, 276, 284
description in thesis-driven writing
70
description to support a thesis
74, 78
detailed outline
269–270, 277–278, 282
direct quotations
17, 163–164, 169, 172, 254
directives
36–38
disciplinary literacy
245
discipline
5, 7, 13, 23, 55, 159, 162, 170, 178, 240, 245–246, 290
disciplines
3, 5, 14, 70, 161, 181–182, 237, 241, 244–246, 265, 273
discourse
4–5, 8–10, 12, 18, 138, 160, 237, 245–246
discourse connectors
9, 12, 14–15, 80–81, 84, 95–96, 105–108, 115–116, 128–129, 212, 269, 290–291
documenting
191, 243–244, 250, 252, 254
draft
49, 53–55, 59, 76–77, 83, 97, 100–103, 120–122, 134, 145, 151–153, 198, 213, 270, 278–279, 282, 286–288
drafting
49, 53–54, 59, 210–211
E
edit
67, 146, 152, 179, 252
editing (AWARE)
3, 46, 59, 61, 84, 105, 124, 146, 152–153, 179, 231, 288
editing checklist
79, 84, 125, 135, 153
effect (see cause/effect, cause and effect)
27, 29, 124, 127–133, 135, 290
effects
28, 50, 127–129, 131–133, 135, 155
email
19, 75, 77
enumeration
27–29, 32, 89, 93, 95–97, 107–108, 148, 154–155
essay assignment
36, 141, 185
essays
7, 25, 28–29, 90, 146, 154, 207
evaluate
37, 89, 237
evidence
229, 263–265
quantity and quality of data
195–198, 204–205
sources
192, 248–249, 251
thesis statement
148
working thesis statement
241
evaluating
121, 203
evaluation matrix
197–198, 205
evidence
assessing evidence
55–59
evaluating evidence
229, 264–265, 287, 289
evidence and conclusions
146, 223, 225, 284
evidence and introductions
138, 282
evidence in a case study
209, 210–214
evidence in a research paper
238, 241–245
evidence to support cause and effect
127–134
evidence to support compare and contrast
113–123
evidence to support a thesis
24–32, 34–37, 74–75, 97, 207, 241, 267
evidence to support a topic sentence
92–94
establishing and organizing evidence
51–55, 90, 98–103, 107–109, 111, 117–123, 227, 259–263, 271–278
description as evidence
70
narrative as evidence
82
revising evidence
60
evidence evaluation matrix
197–198, 205
evidence to support a thesis
35, 74, 97, 207
expert sources
51, 55–56, 92–93, 97, 101, 240, 273–274
explanation
70, 76
expository
24, 37, 74, 151, 237
expository essay
23, 24, 25, 69, 154, 207
expository genres
6–8, 10
expository thesis
18, 26, 28, 112
expository writing
7, 24, 26, 69, 74, 82, 185
F
formal language
11, 18–19, 77, 152, 172, 231
format
153–155, 177, 183, 216–218, 231–232, 234–235, 240–244, 252, 254, 258, 289–290
formatting
79, 191, 216, 231–232, 234, 243, 290
formulating a research question
183, 201
fragment (fragments)
20, 39–43, 44, 63–66, 291
free writing
47, 132, 201
G
general to specific organization
140, 142–143, 147, 222, 227–228, 289
general topic
47, 49–51, 57, 99–100, 108, 142, 240, 269, 281–282
generating ideas
75, 98, 100, 119, 200–201
genre (genres)
6–8, 10, 23, 80, 90, 104, 146, 181, 245
gerund
20, 39, 41–43
graphic organizer
52, 81, 83
graphic organizers
52, 132
H
Hyland
6
hypothesis
160
I
illustration
70
incorporating direct quotations
169
infinitive phrases
41–43
informal language
8, 11–12, 152, 231
informational directives
36–38
informed consent
184
instructions
36, 38, 154
interpretive directives
37
interview (interviews)
164, 177–179, 188–191, 202–203, 218–220
in-text citation
164, 169, 177, 216, 218–219, 230, 253, 258
in-text citations
164, 173, 211, 216, 218–220, 230–232, 240, 253–254, 290
introduction (introductions)
25, 32–33, 35, 45–46, 75–77, 90, 93, 100, 114–115, 117–118, 133, 137–146, 154, 155, 220–224, 227–228, 238, 240, 246, 271, 274, 276, 278–284, 289
introductory words
84, 291
L
Lave & Wenger
6
listing
47, 75, 98, 100, 132
literary
6–8, 16, 51
literary genres
6
literary texts
6
literature review
45, 51, 56, 237–240, 244, 246–248, 252
long quotations
167–168
long summaries
176
M
methods
160, 182, 187, 190, 198, 218, 233
mind map
47, 98, 241–243
MLA
17, 79, 153
move (moves)
138–140, 139, 142, 146–147, 151, 154, 279
multiple authors
217, 233
multiple causes
127, 129, 131–133, 155
multiple effects
127–129, 131–133, 155
multiple sources
4, 31, 56–57, 95, 130, 229, 248, 264
N
narrative in thesis-driven writing
69
narrative to support a thesis
80, 82
narrowed topic
49, 50, 99–100
narrowing the topic
222
Nesi & Gardner
6, 23, 159
non-count nouns
61, 84, 291
noun
39, 41–42, 124, 135
noun clause
62, 64–66
nouns
41–42, 61, 122–123, 160, 288
O
observation
70, 161, 187, 191–192
observations
35, 101, 161, 188, 191–193, 197, 203, 255
organizational patterns
28, 37, 113, 127, 138
organize
24, 52, 132, 176, 181, 190, 192–193, 195, 198, 203–204, 211, 228, 237–238, 261, 267, 277
organized
8, 24, 26, 113, 141, 195, 198, 211, 230, 238, 260, 289
organizing
3, 7, 47, 52–53, 100, 193, 199, 238, 259, 260, 263, 270
organizing sources
259–260
organizing the data
193, 203, 259
outline
35, 52–54, 83, 100–102, 120–121, 128–129, 132–134, 198–199, 205, 210, 214, 226–230, 263–264, 269–274, 278–279, 282, 286–287
outlining
52, 100, 120
P
paragraph (paragraphs)
24–25, 28–32, 34–35, 54, 56–57, 60, 74, 78, 83, 89–96, 101–103, 107–108, 113–114, 118, 120–121, 128–130, 134–135, 222, 227–231, 239–240, 264–265, 272–277, 289, 290
paragraph unity
67, 102–103, 231
parallel
107–108, 287–288, 290
parallelism
287–288
paraphrase
16–18, 163, 169–173, 178–179, 225, 257–258, 284, 286
paraphrased
149, 163–164, 171, 173, 177, 219, 272
paraphrases
169–171, 259, 275, 283, 289–291
paraphrasing
164, 169–170, 172–173, 256–257, 283
paraphrasing direct quotations
172
paraphrasing secondary sources
257
participants
184–186, 197, 202, 219
past tense
172, 211, 227, 230, 291
personal communication
177, 218–220, 231–232
phrases
8–10, 38–42, 62, 84–85, 105, 150, 168, 176–177, 212, 214–215, 283, 288, 291
plagiarism
16–18, 159, 163, 173–179, 209, 254
planning
47, 83, 183, 189, 202
point of view
7, 24–26, 28–29, 47, 49–50, 54–55, 59, 67, 99–100, 107–108, 112, 127–129, 132, 142–143, 145, 147–149, 151, 208–209, 222–224, 227, 230, 241–243, 257, 269, 276, 289
point-by-point organization
113–114, 116–118, 120
precise language
11, 71, 123
precise vocabulary
70–72, 122–123
precision
12, 20, 78, 84
preposition (prepositions)
39–40, 124
prepositional phrases
39–40, 43, 62
present tense
211, 258
presenting
108, 132, 148–149, 163, 173, 207, 272, 279
evidence
37, 209, 230
data
193, 197, 264
information
10, 23, 28
quotations
164
results
245
primary
159–163, 187–190, 202, 211, 216, 219, 230, 264, 273
data
187–188, 202, 208, 213, 227, 230
data sources
187, 202
research
161, 163, 211, 230
sources
160–161, 181, 183, 187–190, 197, 202, 216, 218–219, 252, 273
private writing
5
production
196, 210–214, 225
pronoun (pronouns)
39, 65, 233, 290
public writing
4–6
published sources
237, 244, 248, 250
punctuation
79, 86, 106, 167, 291
punctuation for discourse connectors
105, 125, 135, 291
Q
qualitative research
160, 182, 185, 202
quality of evidence
55, 121
quantitative research
160
quantity of sources
56
quotation (quotations)
17, 163–170, 172–173, 177, 188, 217–219, 257–259, 284
quote
101, 164–165, 167, 178, 188, 192, 252–256, 258–259
quotes
34–35, 163, 191, 193, 252, 257, 289–291
quoting
164, 256–257
quoting secondary sources
257
R
reading to write
32, 72, 81, 92, 96, 116, 118, 129, 130, 139, 142, 148, 149, 162, 213, 221, 225, 239, 284, 285
reference list
191, 216, 218–220, 231–233, 236, 252, 254–255, 259, 290
references
17, 51, 164, 194, 216, 218, 231–234, 236–237, 240, 244, 246, 252, 254, 290
reflection
55, 59, 223
relative pronouns
65
relevance
96, 138, 146–147, 150–151, 161, 192, 200, 249, 251, 255, 259, 264–265, 272
reliability of sources
237
rephrase
101, 146, 228
rephrase the thesis
148, 151, 164, 223, 228
rephrasing
148, 169, 223–224
report (reports)
6–7, 23, 90, 159, 160–161, 166, 174, 177, 186, 202, 211, 218, 234–235, 237, 244, 258, 259, 272, 279
reporting verbs
165–166, 177, 179, 211
research
159–163, 182–197, 202–205, 208–209, 211, 216, 225, 226, 229, 238, 241, 244–246, 250, 252, 259–260, 263–265
research paper
159, 160, 200, 211, 218, 220, 237–238, 240, 243, 245, 250, 252, 257, 259, 263–264, 268–270, 272, 276–286
research question
162, 181, 183, 185–189, 192–198, 201–205, 207, 208, 226, 238, 241, 248, 251–252
research to support a thesis
159
results
30, 37, 160, 211, 225, 245–246, 265–266
reverse outline
101–102, 121, 134, 229–230, 286–287
review
8, 37, 45, 146, 154, 163, 174, 179, 187, 189–190, 192–195, 204, 228, 237–242, 244–248, 251–252, 254, 261, 263, 277, 279–280, 283
review of the literature
237, 239, 241–242, 244, 272, 280
reviewing
161, 190, 192, 203, 243, 254, 260, 263
revise
59–60, 67, 84–85, 123, 134, 151, 210, 227, 230, 287–288
revising (AWARE)
3, 46, 59–60, 78, 84–85, 102–103, 122–123, 134, 146, 151–152, 179, 207, 230, 231, 288–289
revising strategy
58, 102, 122
revision
58–59, 120–121, 229, 288
S
sample draft essay
273
sample reference list
236
scholarly sources
244, 248
secondary
159–162, 211, 264, 268
secondary data sources
162, 211, 216, 230
secondary research
159–162 245–246
secondary sources
46, 160–162, 188, 200, 216, 237–238, 241, 243, 244, 248, 250, 252–253, 256–258, 264, 280
sentence (sentences)
39–44, 62–66, 83–85, 102, 105–106, 125–135, 166, 169, 171–174, 179, 284, 288, 289, 291
sentence fragments
8, 23–24, 39, 41–44, 62–64, 291
short summaries
174
short quotations
164
single cause
129, 132, 133, 155
single effect
129, 133, 155
social context of writing
4
source (sources)
15–17, 51, 56–58, 94, 134, 160–165, 169–171, 173, 176, 177, 183–190, 192–195, 197, 202–205, 209, 216–220, 231–235, 237–252, 254–255, 257–259, 264–265, 272–278, 279–280, 282, 286–288, 289
spelling
13, 86–87, 291
statement (statements)
143, 145, 154, 164, 194, 222, 226–228, 280, 286
strategies
4, 46, 47, 78, 111, 140, 147, 163, 171, 172, 174, 186, 189, 191, 192, 193, 196, 221, 223, 227, 246, 248, 280, 283, 284, 286
strategy
54, 58, 67, 71, 72, 73, 99, 100, 101, 102, 105, 121, 122, 140, 142, 148, 149, 150, 193, 197, 222, 223, 225, 229
style (styles)
8, 11, 14, 15, 17, 20, 59, 153, 164, 169, 177, 191, 216, 231–233, 252, 255, 290
subject
39–43, 62–66, 81, 90–91, 111–115, 174, 181–185, 187, 190–193, 199–203, 208, 220, 222, 225–227, 238, 291
subject-by-subject organization
113–114
subordinate clauses
10, 39, 62
subordinate phrases
39, 62
summaries
173–174, 254, 258–259, 272–274, 290–291
summarize
17, 32, 34, 37, 163, 259, 276–277, 286
summarizing
177–178, 209, 240, 254, 256–258, 284
summarizing interviews
177
summarizing secondary sources
258
summary
17, 45, 56, 67, 102, 150, 163, 173–179, 234, 248, 255, 257–258, 289
Swales
6, 138
synthesis
146, 186, 216, 225, 228, 272–274, 276
synthesizing sources
272
T
T chart
100, 117–118, 120, 261, 263, 264, 279
thematic analysis
216
thematic coding
193–194
theme (themes)
192, 194–199, 203–208, 210–211, 213–214, 216, 225–230, 237–239, 241–242, 245, 248, 259–261, 263–264, 272, 279
thesis (see thesis statement)
24, 28, 35, 45, 54, 55, 58, 67, 74, 75, 78, 82, 101, 114, 140, 143, 148–150, 174, 220, 237, 241–243, 248, 250–251, 259–261, 263, 265, 267–275, 277–278, 280–287, 289
thesis and organizational patterns
28
thesis statement
3, 24–35, 47, 49–52, 54, 58–61, 74, 78, 82–83, 90, 102, 112–115, 121–122, 127–129, 132, 138, 142, 144, 146–148, 151, 185, 187, 208, 210, 223–224, 226–227, 251, 267–274, 286–287, 289
thesis-driven writing
45, 51, 70
topic
4, 11, 24–29, 31–32, 35–37, 47, 49–50, 55, 58, 81–83, 91, 97–103, 107–109, 112, 113, 121, 127, 132– 133, 138, 140–142, 145–149, 183, 185–186, 194, 208, 212, 222, 238, 240, 242–243, 247, 251, 260, 268–270, 274, 277, 281, 286, 289–290
chosing a writing topic
47
topic sentence
25, 31, 35, 54–57, 60, 81–82, 90–94, 100–104, 107–109, 114–115, 117, 121, 129–130, 134, 176, 214–215, 227, 229, 251, 259, 272–279, 287, 289
triangulation
197–198, 204, 264–265
two-column graphic organizer
52
U
UK spelling
13, 86–87
understanding the assignment
75, 82, 240
US spelling
13, 86–87
V
Venn diagram
119–120
verb (verbs)
10, 20, 36, 39, 41–43, 61–66, 86, 124, 128, 130–131, 135, 165–166, 172, 186–187, 202, 211, 288, 291
verb endings
86
verbal phrases
41–42
visualization
71–73, 78
visualize
52, 78, 132–133
voice
3–4, 14–16, 18, 67, 97, 107, 119, 122–123, 164
W
Web
162–163, 209, 233, 235, 244, 249–250, 253
word families
20
word precision
78
working thesis
47, 49, 53, 55, 58, 60, 67, 100, 120–122, 131–132, 138, 185, 226, 241–243, 246–247, 259–260, 263–264, 268–269
working thesis statement
47, 50, 54, 59, 76, 99–100, 122, 132, 208–210, 226–227, 229–230
writing (AWARE)
46, 53, 74, 76, 82, 97, 101, 118, 120, 131, 134, 144, 150, 154, 178, 199, 227, 278, 282, 286
writing assignment
17, 36, 38, 47, 51
writing assignments
154