Chapter 10. Adverbials

Part of

Grammar of Spoken and Written English
Douglas Biber, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey N. Leech, Susan Conrad and Edward Finegan
[Not in series 232] 2021
► pp. 753–884

Chapter 10
Adverbials

Article outline

10.1Overview
- 10.1.1The three classes of adverbial
  - 10.1.1.1Frequency of the three classes of adverbial
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.1.2Syntactic realizations of adverbials
  - 10.1.2.1Syntactic realizations of the three adverbial classes
    - corpus findings ,
    - discussion of findings
- 10.1.3Positions of adverbials in the clause
  - 10.1.3.1Frequencies of positions- of adverbials
    - corpus findings ,
    - discussion of findings
- 10.1.4Adverbial variation in relation to other elements
10.2Circumstance adverbials
- 10.2.1Semantic categories of circumstance adverbials
  - 10.2.1.1Place
  - 10.2.1.2Time
  - 10.2.1.3Process
  - 10.2.1.4Contingency
  - 10.2.1.5Extent/degree
  - 10.2.1.6Addition/restriction
  - 10.2.1.7Recipient
  - 10.2.1.8Other semantic relationships
  - 10.2.1.9Overlap and ambiguity
- 10.2.2Distribution of semantic categories
  - corpus findings
  - discussion of findings
- 10.2.3Overview of syntactic realizations of semantic categories
  - corpus findings
  - discussion of findings
- 10.2.4Syntactic realizations of circumstance adverbials (excluding clauses)
  - 10.2.4.1Semantic categories within syntactic forms
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.4.2Length of prepositional phrases
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.4.3Diversity in adverb and prepositional phrase circumstance adverbials
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.2.5Most common circumstance adverbials
  - corpus findings
  - DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
- 10.2.6Position of circumstance adverbials
  - 10.2.6.1Associations between positions and semantic categories
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.6.2Relationships between position, grammatical structure, and length
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.2.7Circumstance adverbials in series
  - 10.2.7.1Heterosemantic place, time, and manner series
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.7.2Homosemantic place, time, and manner series
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.7.3Series of three and more adverbials
- 10.2.8Clauses as circumstance adverbials
  - 10.2.8.1Semantic categories of circumstance adverbial clauses
  - 10.2.8.2Distribution of clausal semantic categories
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.3Syntactic forms of circumstance adverbial clauses
  - 10.2.8.4Distribution of clausal syntactic forms
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.5Dangling participles
  - 10.2.8.6Positions of adverbial clauses
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.7Subordinators and adverbial clauses
  - 10.2.8.8Subordinators with non-finite adverbial clauses
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.9Most common subordinators across registers
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.10Common subordinators with multiple semantic roles
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.11 Though as subordinator v. linking adverbial
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.2.8.12Conditional clauses with if v. subject-operator inversion
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
10.3Stance adverbials
- 10.3.1Semantic categories of stance adverbials
  - 10.3.1.1Epistemic stance adverbials
  - 10.3.1.2Attitude adverbials
  - 10.3.1.3Style adverbials
  - 10.3.1.4Ambiguity with other adverbial classes
  - 10.3.1.5Distribution of semantic categories
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.3.2Syntactic realizations of stance adverbials
  - 10.3.2.1Distribution of syntactic forms
    - corpus findings ,
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.3.2.2Sentence relatives as stance adverbials
- 10.3.3Most common stance adverbials across registers
  - corpus findings
  - discussion of findings
- 10.3.4Positions of stance adverbials
  - corpus findings
  - discussion of findings
- 10.3.5Other discourse functions of stance adverbials
10.4Linking adverbials
- 10.4.1Semantic categories of linking adverbials
  - 10.4.1.1Enumeration and addition
  - 10.4.1.2Summation
  - 10.4.1.3Apposition
  - 10.4.1.4Result/inference
  - 10.4.1.5Contrast/concession
  - 10.4.1.6Transition
  - 10.4.1.7Overlap of linking adverbials and other adverbial classes
  - 10.4.1.8Distribution of semantic categories
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.4.2Syntactic realizations of linking adverbials
  - 10.4.2.1Distribution of syntactic forms
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.4.3Most common linking adverbials
  - 10.4.3.1Most common linking adverbials in conversation and academic prose
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
  - 10.4.3.2Stylistic preferences for linking adverbials
    - corpus findings
    - discussion of findings
- 10.4.4Positions of linking adverbials
  - corpus findings
  - discussion of findings

Chapter 10Adverbials

Chapter 10
Adverbials