Chapter 12. The grammatical marking of stance

Part of

Grammar of Spoken and Written English
Douglas Biber, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey N. Leech, Susan Conrad and Edward Finegan
[Not in series 232] 2021
► pp. 957–978

Chapter 12
The grammatical marking of stance

Article outline

12.1Overview
- 12.1.1Paralinguistic and non-linguistic devices
- 12.1.2Lexical marking of stance
12.2Major grammatical devices used to express stance
- 12.2.1Variability in the structural characteristics of stance devices
12.3Major semantic distinctions conveyed by stance markers
- 12.3.1Epistemic stance
- 12.3.2Attitudinal stance
- 12.3.3Style of speaking stance
12.4Attribution of stance to the speaker or writer
- 12.4.1Explicit attribution of stance
- 12.4.2Implicit attribution of stance to the speaker/writer
- 12.4.3Ambiguous attribution of stance
12.5Register differences in the marking of stance
- 12.5.1Major stance devices across registers
  - corpus findings , ,
  - discussion of findings
- 12.5.2Stance adverbials across registers
  - corpus findings ,
  - discussion of findings
- 12.5.3Stance complement constructions across registers
  - corpus findings ,
  - discussion of findings