Chapter published in:
Grammar of Spoken and Written English
Douglas Biber, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey N. Leech, Susan Conrad and Edward Finegan
[Not in series 232] 2021
► pp. 979–1030

Chapter 13
Lexical expressions in speech and writing

Article outline
  • 13.1Overview
  • 13.2Lexical bundles
    • 13.2.1Operational definition of lexical bundles
      • 13.2.1.1Lexical bundles in conversation and academic prose
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
    • 13.2.2Key to lists of lexical bundles
    • 13.2.3Lexical bundles in conversation
      • 13.2.3.1Personal pronoun + lexical verb phrase (+ complement-clause fragment)
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.2Pronoun/noun phrase + be +
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.3Verb phrase with active verb
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.4 Yes-no question fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.5 Wh-question fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.6Lexical bundles with wh-clause fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.7Lexical bundles with to-clause fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.8Verb + that-clause fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.9Adverbial clause fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.10Noun phrase expressions
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.11Prepositional phrase expressions
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.12Quantifier expressions
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.13Other expressions
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.3.14Meaningless sound bundles
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
    • 13.2.4Lexical bundles in academic prose
      • 13.2.4.1Noun phrase with of-phrase fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.2Noun phrase with other post-modifier fragments
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.3Prepositional phrase with embedded of-phrase fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.4Other prepositional phrase (fragment)
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.5Anticipatory it + verb phrase/adjective phrase
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.6Passive verb + prepositional phrase fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.7Copula be + noun phrase/adjective phrase
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.8(Verb phrase +) that-clause fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.9(Verb/adjective +) to-clause fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.10Adverbial clause fragment
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.11Pronoun/noun phrase + be (+ …)
        • corpus findings
        • discussion of findings
      • 13.2.4.12Other expressions
        • corpus findings
  • 13.3Idiomatic phrases
    • 13.3.1Idiomatic phrases across registers
    • 13.3.2Verb + noun phrase combinations with have, make, and take
      • corpus findings ,
      • discussion of findings
  • 13.4Free combinations of verb + particle
    • corpus findings ,
    • discussion of findings
  • 13.5Coordinated binomial phrases
    • 13.5.1Key to lists of binomial phrases
    • 13.5.2Verb and/or verb
      • corpus findings ,
      • discussion of findings
    • 13.5.3Noun and/or noun
      • corpus findings ,
      • discussion of findings
    • 13.5.4Adjective and/or adjective
      • corpus findings ,
      • discussion of findings
    • 13.5.5Adverb and/or adverb
      • corpus findings ,
      • discussion of findings