Revisiting the Interpreter’s Role
A study of conference, court, and medical interpreters in Canada, Mexico, and the United States
| San Diego State University
Through the development of a valid and reliable instrument, this book sets out to study the role that interpreters play in the various settings where they work, i.e. the courts, the hospitals, business meetings, international conferences, and schools. It presents interpreters’ perceptions and beliefs about their work as well as statements of their behaviors about their practice. For the first time, the administration and results of a survey administered across languages in Canada, Mexico and the United States offer the reader a glimpse of the interpreters' views in their own words. It also discusses the tension between professional ideology and the reality of interpreters at work. This book has implications for the theory and practice of interpreting across settings.
[Benjamins Translation Library, 55] 2004. xvi, 127 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins Publishing Company
Table of Contents
|
Acknowledgments
|
xi
|
|
List of tables
|
xiii
|
|
List of figures
|
xiv
|
|
List of abbreviations
|
xv
|
|
Prologue
|
1
|
|
1. Overview of the field
|
7
|
|
2. Opening up the circle
|
27
|
|
3. The construction of the Interpreter Interpersonal Role Inventory (IPRI)
|
47
|
|
4. Interpreter Interpersonal Role Inventory: Administration and results
|
63
|
|
5. Expanding perspectives
|
83
|
|
Appendix 1. IPRI Final Version
|
101
|
|
Appendix 2. Organizations surveyed for different settings
|
106
|
|
Appendix 3. Letter from AIIC, U.S. Respondent #16
|
107
|
|
Notes
|
111
|
|
References
|
115
|
Cited by
Cited by other publications
No author info given
2014.
In Police Investigative Interviews and Interpreting [Advances in Police Theory and Practice, ],
► pp. 91 ff. 
No author info given
2014.
In Translation and the Spanish Empire in the Americas [Benjamins Translation Library, 113],
No author info given
2014.
In Translation and the Spanish Empire in the Americas [Benjamins Translation Library, 113],
► pp. 243 ff.
No author info given
2016.
In Be(com)ing a Conference Interpreter [Benjamins Translation Library, 124],
No author info given
2016.
In Conference Interpreting – A Complete Course [Benjamins Translation Library, 120],
No author info given
2016.
In Conference Interpreting – A Trainer’s Guide [Benjamins Translation Library, 121],
No author info given
2016.
In Memes of Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 123],
No author info given
2017.
In Teaching Dialogue Interpreting [Benjamins Translation Library, 138],
No author info given
2018.
In Common Law in an Uncommon Courtroom [Benjamins Translation Library, 144],
No author info given
2020. Interpreting is interpreting.
Translation and Interpreting Studies
No author info given
2020. Language brokering by young adults.
Translation and Interpreting Studies
Agrifoglio, Marjorie
2006. Au-delà de la médiation linguistique : le rôle de l’interprète dans les négociations des traités conclus avec les Autochtones du Canada (1850-1923).
TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 17:2 ► pp. 143 ff.
Ahamer, Vera
2014. Verborgene Ressourcen.
ÖDaF-Mitteilungen 30:2 ► pp. 72 ff.
al-Zahran, Aladdin
2008. Consecutive Conference Interpreters’ Perception of Their Role as Intercultural Mediators.
FORUM 6:2 ► pp. 237 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2007. Assessing Medical Interpreters.
The Translator 13:1 ► pp. 63 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2012.
In Handbook of Translation Studies [Handbook of Translation Studies, 3],
► pp. 172 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2012.
In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2012.
In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2012.
In The Handbook of Intercultural Discourse and Communication,
► pp. 430 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2017.
In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 129],
► pp. 259 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2018.
In A History of Modern Translation Knowledge [Benjamins Translation Library, 142],
► pp. 435 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2018.
In The Palgrave Handbook of Applied Linguistics Research Methodology,
► pp. 761 ff.
Angelelli, Claudia V.
2020. Community/Public-service interpreting as a communicative event.
Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 6:2 ► pp. 114 ff.
Antonini, Rachele, Letizia Cirillo, Linda Rossato & Ira Torresi
2017.
In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 129],
► pp. 2 ff.
Baigorri-Jalón, Jesús & Mª Manuela Fernández-Sánchez
2010. Understanding High-level Interpreting in the Cold War: Preliminary notes.
FORUM 8:2 ► pp. 1 ff.
Bartłomiejczyk, Magdalena
2012.
In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Bartłomiejczyk, Magdalena
2017. The interpreter’s visibility in the European Parliament.
Interpreting 19:2 ► pp. 159 ff.
Boéri, Julie
2008. A Narrative Account of the Babels vs. Naumann Controversy.
The Translator 14:1 ► pp. 21 ff.
Boéri, Julie & Jesús de Manuel Jerez
2011. From Training Skilled Conference Interpreters to Educating Reflective Citizens.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 5:1 ► pp. 41 ff.
Böser, Ursula & David LaRooy
2018. Interpreter-mediated investigative interviews with minors.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 13:2 ► pp. 208 ff.
Cambridge, Jan
2008. Meeting diversity in patient information: Practical issues and challenges for interpreters.
Journal of Communication in Healthcare 1:3 ► pp. 324 ff.
Cheatham, Gregory A.
2011. Language Interpretation, Parent Participation, and Young Children With Disabilities.
Topics in Early Childhood Special Education 31:2 ► pp. 78 ff.
Chen, Yi & Zhongwei Song
2020.
In Corpus-based Approaches to Grammar, Media and Health Discourses [The M.A.K. Halliday Library Functional Linguistics Series, ],
► pp. 283 ff.
Chevalier, Lucille & Daniel Gile
2015. Interpreting Quality: A Case Study of Spontaneous Reactions.
FORUM 13:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Christensen, Tina Paulsen
2008. Why Judges Deviate from Direct Speech in Interpreter-mediated Court Settings.
FORUM 6:2 ► pp. 143 ff.
Christensen, Tina Paulsen
2011. User expectations and evaluation: a case study of a court interpreting event.
Perspectives 19:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Collard, Camille & Bart Defrancq
2019. Predictors of ear-voice span, a corpus-based study with special reference to sex.
Perspectives 27:3 ► pp. 431 ff.
Colley, Helen & Frédérique Guéry
2015. Understanding new hybrid professions: Bourdieu,illusioand the case of public service interpreters.
Cambridge Journal of Education 45:1 ► pp. 113 ff.
Corsellis, Ann
2008.
In Public Service Interpreting,
► pp. 150 ff.
Dahlvik, Julia
2018.
In Inside Asylum Bureaucracy: Organizing Refugee Status Determination in Austria [IMISCOE Research Series, ],
► pp. 81 ff.
Dahlvik, Julia
2019.
In Asylum Determination in Europe,
► pp. 133 ff.
Dam, Helle V.
2017.
In The Changing Role of the Interpreter,
► pp. 228 ff.
Davitti, Elena & Sergio Pasquandrea
2014. Enhancing research-led interpreter education: an exploratory study in Applied Conversation Analysis.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 8:3 ► pp. 374 ff.
Dean, Robyn K. & Robert Q Pollard
2011. Context-based Ethical Reasoning in Interpreting.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 5:1 ► pp. 155 ff.
Delgado Luchner, Carmen
2019. “A beautiful woman sitting in the dark”.
Interpreting 21:1 ► pp. 91 ff.
Donovan, Clare
2011. Ethics in the Teaching of Conference Interpreting.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 5:1 ► pp. 109 ff.
Downie, Jonathan
2017. Finding and critiquing the invisible interpreter – a response to Uldis Ozolins.
Interpreting 19:2 ► pp. 260 ff.
Drugan, Joanna
2017. Ethics and social responsibility in practice: interpreters and translators engaging with and beyond the professions.
The Translator 23:2 ► pp. 126 ff.
Díaz Galaz, Stephanie
2017. Formación de intérpretes e investigación en interpretación en Chile: desafíos y oportunidades para el desarrollo de los estudios de interpretación.
Mutatis Mutandis. Revista Latinoamericana de Traducción 10:2 ► pp. 46 ff.
Englund Dimitrova, Birgitta & Maureen Ehrensberger-Dow
2016. Cognitive space: Exploring the situational interface.
Translation Spaces 5:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Englund Dimitrova, Birgitta & Elisabet Tiselius
2016.
In Reembedding Translation Process Research [Benjamins Translation Library, 128],
► pp. 195 ff.
Fernández-Costales, Alberto
2017. On the sociolinguistics of video games localisation.
The Journal of Internationalization and Localization 4:2 ► pp. 120 ff.
Fragkou, Effrossyni (Effie)
2020.
In Handbook of Research on Medical Interpreting [Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, ],
► pp. 291 ff.
Fu, Rongbo & Jing Chen
2019. Negotiating interpersonal relations in Chinese-English diplomatic interpreting.
Interpreting 21:1 ► pp. 12 ff.
Grbić, Nadja, Helena Miguélez-Carballeira, Julie Arsenault & Red Chan
2005. Book Reviews.
The Translator 11:2 ► pp. 285 ff.
Gu, Chonglong
2018.
In Redefining Translation and Interpretation in Cultural Evolution [Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, ],
► pp. 238 ff.
Hale, Sandra Beatriz & Jemina Napier
2016. “We’re just kind of there”.
Target 28:3 ► pp. 351 ff.
Han, Chao & Helen Slatyer
2016. Test validation in interpreter certification performance testing.
Interpreting 18:2 ► pp. 225 ff.
Herring, Rachel E.
2019. “A lot to think about”.
Translation, Cognition & Behavior 2:2 ► pp. 283 ff.
Hertog, Erik
2010.
In Handbook of Translation Studies [Handbook of Translation Studies, 1],
► pp. 49 ff.
Hertog, Erik
2012.
In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Hess, Maya
2012. Translating Terror.
The Translator 18:1 ► pp. 23 ff.
Hild, Adelina
2017.
In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 129],
► pp. 177 ff.
Hokkanen, Sari
2012. Simultaneous Church Interpreting as Service.
The Translator 18:2 ► pp. 291 ff.
Hokkanen, Sari
2017.
In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 129],
► pp. 195 ff.
Hokkanen, Sari
2017. Experiencing the interpreter’s role.
Translation Spaces 6:1 ► pp. 62 ff.
Sari Hokkanen
2018.
In Non-Professionals Translating and Interpreting,
► pp. 291 ff.
Hokkanen, Sari
2019.
In Translation Practice in the Field [Benjamins Current Topics, 105],
► pp. 61 ff.
Hoyte-West, Antony
2020. The professional status of conference interpreters in the Republic of Ireland: An exploratory study.
Translation Studies 13:2 ► pp. 183 ff.
Hsieh, Elaine
2008. “I am not a robot!” Interpreters' Views of Their Roles in Health Care Settings.
Qualitative Health Research 18:10 ► pp. 1367 ff.
Hsieh, Elaine
2015.
In The International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction,
► pp. 1 ff.
Ibrahim, Noraini
2009. Parliamentary Interpreting in Malaysia: A Case Study.
Meta 54:2 ► pp. 357 ff.
Im, Sei-inn & Hyang-Ok Lim
2019. Where do we stand?.
FORUM 17:2 ► pp. 192 ff.
Jiang, Lihua, Chong Han, Jinlin Jiang & Yue Feng
2014. The sociological turn in the interpreter’s role: Discourse interpreting filters.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 9:2 ► pp. 274 ff.
Khoshsaligheh, Masood, Mohsen Kafi & Seyede Narges Noorani
2018. Translators’ image in Iranian feature films.
FORUM 16:2 ► pp. 324 ff.
Killman, Jeffrey
2020. Interpreting for asylum seekers and their attorneys: the challenge of agency.
Perspectives 28:1 ► pp. 73 ff.
Kliche, Ortrun, Sylvia Agbih, Ute Altanis-Protzer, Sabine Eulerich, Corinna Klingler, Gerald Neitzke, Tim Peters & Michael Coors
2018. Ethische Aspekte des Dolmetschens im mehrsprachig-interkulturellen Arzt-Patienten-Verhältnis.
Ethik in der Medizin 30:3 ► pp. 205 ff.
Kotzé, Herculene
2018. Exploring the role of the pastoral interpreter.
HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 74:2
Kozin, Alexander V.
2018.
In Consecutive Interpreting,
► pp. 107 ff.
Krystallidou, Demi
2016. Investigating the interpreter’s role(s).
Interpreting 18:2 ► pp. 172 ff.
Krystallidou, Demi, Céline Van De Walle, Myriam Deveugele, Evangelia Dougali, Fien Mertens, Amélie Truwant, Ellen Van Praet & Peter Pype
2018. Training “doctor-minded” interpreters and “interpreter-minded” doctors.
Interpreting 20:1 ► pp. 126 ff.
Lee, Jieun
2008. Rating Scales for Interpreting Performance Assessment.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 2:2 ► pp. 165 ff.
Lesch, Harold Michael & Bernice Saulse
2014. Revisiting the interpreting service in the healthcare sector: a descriptive overview.
Perspectives 22:3 ► pp. 332 ff.
Li, Xiangdong
2015. Mock conference as a situated learning activity in interpreter training: a case study of its design and effect as perceived by trainee interpreters.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 9:3 ► pp. 323 ff.
Liao, Sixin & Li Pan
2018. Interpreter mediation at political press conferences.
Interpreting 20:2 ► pp. 188 ff.
Liu, Fung-Ming Christy
2014. Revisiting the Translator’s Visibility: Does Visibility Bring Rewards?.
Meta 58:1 ► pp. 25 ff.
Lor, Maichou, Barbara J. Bowers & Elizabeth A. Jacobs
2019. Navigating Challenges of Medical Interpreting Standards and Expectations of Patients and Health Care Professionals: The Interpreter Perspective.
Qualitative Health Research 29:6 ► pp. 820 ff.
Lázaro Gutiérrez, Raquel
2019. Telephone interpreting and roadside assistance.
Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5:3 ► pp. 215 ff.
Marais, Kobus & Carmen Delgado Luchner
2018. Motivating the translation-development nexus: exploring cases from the African Continent.
The Translator 24:4 ► pp. 380 ff.
Marin, Jasmine
2020.
In Handbook of Research on Medical Interpreting [Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, ],
► pp. 421 ff.
Martínez-Gómez, Aída
2017. Language rights and interpreting services in Spanish prisons.
Babel 63:6 ► pp. 813 ff.
Martínez-Gómez, Aída
2020. Language brokering experience among interpreting students: pedagogical implications for the development of interpreting competence.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer ► pp. 1 ff.
Martínez-Gómez, Aída
2020. Who defines role?.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 15:1 ► pp. 108 ff.
Maryns, Katrijn
2013. Disclosure and (re)performance of gender-based evidence in an interpreter-mediated asylum interview.
Journal of Sociolinguistics 17:5 ► pp. 661 ff.
McDowell, Liz, DeAnne K. Hilfinger Messias & Robin Dawson Estrada
2011. The Work of Language Interpretation in Health Care: Complex, Challenging, Exhausting, and Often Invisible.
Journal of Transcultural Nursing 22:2 ► pp. 137 ff.
Mellinger, Christopher D. & Thomas A. Hanson
2018. Interpreter traits and the relationship with technology and visibility.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 13:3 ► pp. 366 ff.
Monzó Nebot, Esther
2015. Understanding legal interpreter and translator training in times of change.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 9:2 ► pp. 129 ff.
Mullamaa, Kristina
2008. A profession in the making: Self-descriptions of liaison interpreters in Estonia.
Across Languages and Cultures 9:1 ► pp. 57 ff.
Napier, Jemina, Rosemary Oram, Alys Young & Robert Skinner
2019. “When I speak people look at me”.
Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5:2 ► pp. 95 ff.
Ng, Eva N.S. & Ineke H.M. Crezee
2020.
In Interpreting in Legal and Healthcare Settings [Benjamins Translation Library, 151],
► pp. 1 ff.
Ozolins, Uldis
2016. The myth of the myth of invisibility?.
Interpreting 18:2 ► pp. 273 ff.
Paleczna, Marta
2020. Przekład ustny w Państwowym Muzeum Auschwitz -Birkenau (PMAB): warunki pracy, problemy i profil tłumacza.
Politeja 16:3(60) ► pp. 167 ff.
Pasquandrea, Sergio
2011. Managing multiple actions through multimodality: Doctors' involvement in interpreter-mediated interactions.
Language in Society 40:4 ► pp. 455 ff.
Pokorn, Nike K.
2017. “There is always some spatial limitation”.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 12:3 ► pp. 383 ff.
POLAT ULAŞ, Aslı
2020. Türkiye’de profesyonel olmayan toplum çevirmenlerinin mesleki algıları.
RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi ► pp. 661 ff.
Pöchhacker, Franz
2010.
In Handbook of Translation Studies [Handbook of Translation Studies, 1],
► pp. 158 ff.
Pöllabauer, Sonja
2012. Gatekeeping Practices in Interpreted Social Service Encounters.
Meta 57:1 ► pp. 213 ff.
Queiroz-Franklin, Mylene
2020.
In Handbook of Research on Medical Interpreting [Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, ],
► pp. 80 ff.
Ra, Sophia
2018.
In Redefining Translation and Interpretation in Cultural Evolution [Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, ],
► pp. 258 ff.
Raymond, Chase Wesley
2014. Epistemic Brokering in the Interpreter-Mediated Medical Visit: Negotiating “Patient’s Side” and “Doctor’s Side” Knowledge.
Research on Language and Social Interaction 47:4 ► pp. 426 ff.
Rodríguez-Castro, Mónica, Spencer Salas & Jatnna Acosta
2020.
In Handbook of Research on Advancing Language Equity Practices With Immigrant Communities [Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design, ],
► pp. 350 ff.
Rogatchevski, Andrei
2019. Interpreting for Soviet leaders.
Translation and Interpreting Studies 14:3 ► pp. 442 ff.
Rudvin, Mette
2019.
In Ethics in Public Service Interpreting,
► pp. 24 ff.
Sasso, Angela
2020.
In Handbook of Research on Medical Interpreting [Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, ],
► pp. 397 ff.
Schouten, Barbara, Jonathan Ross, Rena Zendedel & Ludwien Meeuwesen
2012. Informal Interpreters in Medical Settings.
The Translator 18:2 ► pp. 311 ff.
Shlesinger, Miriam
2007. Making the Most of Settling for Less.
FORUM 5:2 ► pp. 147 ff.
Shlesinger†, Miriam, Tanya Voinova & Michal Schuster
2019.
In Understanding Campus-Community Partnerships in Conflict Zones,
► pp. 185 ff.
Song, Hua
2017. Claudia V. Angelelli & Brian James Baer (eds.). (2015)Researching Translation and Interpreting.
Target 29:1 ► pp. 145 ff.
Souza, Izabel Emilia Telles de Vasconcelos
2018.
In Redefining Translation and Interpretation in Cultural Evolution [Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, ],
► pp. 220 ff.
Tipton, Rebecca
2006. Making Sense of it All: Public service interpreters as reflec (x) tive practitioners?.
FORUM 4:2 ► pp. 139 ff.
Tipton, Rebecca
2008. Reflexivity and the Social Construction of Identity in Interpreter-mediated Asylum Interviews.
The Translator 14:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Tipton, Rebecca
2016. Perceptions of the ‘Occupational Other’: Interpreters, Social Workers and Intercultures.
British Journal of Social Work 46:2 ► pp. 463 ff.
Todorova, Marija
2014.
In Transfiction [Benjamins Translation Library, 110],
► pp. 221 ff.
Todorova, Marija
2020.
In Interpreting in Legal and Healthcare Settings [Benjamins Translation Library, 151],
► pp. 63 ff.
Torresi, Ira
2017.
In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation [Benjamins Translation Library, 129],
► pp. 337 ff.
Tyulenev, Sergey
2018.
In Translation in the Public Sphere,
► pp. 47 ff.
VAN DE GEUCHTE, Sofie & Leona VAN VAERENBERGH
2017. La interpretación en los hospitales flamencos: la perspectiva de los intérpretes y las expectativas del personal sanitario.
CLINA: Revista Interdisciplinaria de Traducción, Interpretación y Comunicación Intercultural 3:1 ► pp. 117 ff.
Van De Walle, Céline, Defrancq Bart, Deveugele Myriam & Van Praet Ellen
2020. Communicative hurdles in multilingual interpreter-mediated consultations: what trainee data teach us.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer ► pp. 1 ff.
Vargas-Urpi, Mireia
2013. Coping with Nonverbal Communication in Public Service Interpreting with Chinese Immigrants.
Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 42:4 ► pp. 340 ff.
Vranjes, Jelena, Hanneke Bot, Kurt Feyaerts & Geert Brône
2018.
In Eye-tracking in Interaction [Advances in Interaction Studies, 10],
► pp. 303 ff.
Wadensjö, Cecilia
2011.
In Handbook of Translation Studies [Handbook of Translation Studies, 2],
► pp. 140 ff.
Walsh, David, Gavin E. Oxburgh & Tyson Amurun
2020. Interpreter-Assisted Interviews: Examining Investigators’ and Interpreters’ Views on Their Practice.
Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology
Wang, Jihong
2018. ‘I only interpret the content and ask practical questions when necessary.’ Interpreters’ perceptions of their explicit coordination and personal pronoun choice in telephone interpreting.
Perspectives ► pp. 1 ff.
Warnicke, Camilla & Charlotta Plejert
2016. The positioning and bimodal mediation of the interpreter in a Video Relay Interpreting (VRI) service setting.
Interpreting 18:2 ► pp. 198 ff.
Wilson, Christine W. L.
2012.
In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Woodfield, Casey, Eunyoung Jung & Christine Ashby
2014. “Hoping for Greatness”.
Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 39:4 ► pp. 274 ff.
Zhan, Cheng & Lishan Zeng
2017. Chinese medical interpreters’ visibility through text ownership.
Interpreting 19:1 ► pp. 97 ff.
Zheng, Binghan & Xia Xiang
2018. Between invisibility and over-visibility.
Babel 64:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Zwischenberger, Cornelia
2015. Simultaneous Conference Interpreting and a Supernorm That Governs It All.
Meta 60:1 ► pp. 90 ff.
Zwischenberger, Cornelia
2016. The policy maker in conference interpreting and its hegemonic power.
Translation Spaces 5:2 ► pp. 200 ff.
王, 海若
2016. An Analysis on the Awareness of the Role of Interpreters in the Interpreting Course of MTI Students.
Advances in Education 06:05 ► pp. 175 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 02 july 2020. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
Subjects
Communication Studies
Linguistics
Translation & Interpreting Studies
BIC Subject: CFP – Translation & interpretation
BISAC Subject: LAN023000 – LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Translating & Interpreting
U.S. Library of Congress Control Number: 2004055093