Pragmatic Markers and Sociolinguistic Variation
A relevance-theoretic approach to the language of adolescents
Author
This book combines theoretical work in linguistic pragmatics and sociolinguistics with empirical work based on a corpus of London adolescent conversation. It makes a general contribution to the study of pragmatic markers, as it proposes an analytical model that involves notions such as subjectivity, interactional and textual capacity, and the distinction between contextual alignment/divergence. These notions are defined according to how information contained in an utterance interacts with the cognitive environment of the hearer. Moreover, the model captures the diachronic development of markers from lexical items via processes of grammaticalisation, arguing that markerhood may be viewed as a gradient phenomenon.
The empirical work concerns the use of like as a marker, as well as a characteristic use of two originally interrogative forms, innit and is it, which are used as attitudinal markers throughout the inflectional paradigm, despite the fact that they contain a third person singular neuter pronoun. The author provides an in-depth analysis of these features in terms of pragmatic functions, diachronic development and sociolinguistic variation, thus adding support to the hypothesis that adolescents play an important role in language variation and change.
The empirical work concerns the use of like as a marker, as well as a characteristic use of two originally interrogative forms, innit and is it, which are used as attitudinal markers throughout the inflectional paradigm, despite the fact that they contain a third person singular neuter pronoun. The author provides an in-depth analysis of these features in terms of pragmatic functions, diachronic development and sociolinguistic variation, thus adding support to the hypothesis that adolescents play an important role in language variation and change.
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 84] 2001. ix, 352 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins Publishing Company
Table of Contents
-
Acknowledgements | p. ix
-
1. General introduction | p. 1
-
2. Theoretical background | p. 29
-
3. COLT and the BNC | p. 83
-
4. Invariant tags and follow-ups | p. 97
-
5. The pragmatic marker like | p. 209
-
6. Pragmatic aspects of teenage and adult conversation | p. 301
-
Notes | p. 311
-
-
Appendix | p. 341
-
Index | p. 345
“Andersen’s work combines cognitive pragmatics (relevance theory) in an innovative way with empirical evidence of social variation in a corpus of spoken interaction and thus significantly enhances our understanding of the language of London adolescents. The book is written with exemplary clarity and will have a decisive impact on the future development of both relevance theory and sociolinguistic variability studies.”
Andreas Jucker, University of Zurich
“What I found particularly gratifying in reading this pragmatic study of age-specific language variation is Andersen’s ability to combine his knowledge of grammaticalisation theory and Relevance theory with an
uncompromising corpus-linguistic approach — a truly rare kind of integration of strands in linguistic research which tend to be kept apart. In my opinion this book is a must for students of the language-thought and
language-context relations as well as for discourse analysts and
sociolinguists of a variationist bent.”
uncompromising corpus-linguistic approach — a truly rare kind of integration of strands in linguistic research which tend to be kept apart. In my opinion this book is a must for students of the language-thought and
language-context relations as well as for discourse analysts and
sociolinguists of a variationist bent.”
Thorstein Fretheim, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
“This book makes a very important contribution to our knowledge of both adolescent language in general and pragmatic markers in English in particular. It takes an unusually sensitive approach to the analysis of spoken English in its interactional context, and is unique in combining insights from relevance theory and variationist theory. These analytic frameworks enable Andersen to give an exceptionally full and detailed
analysis of “innit” / “is it” and “like”, and to advance our understanding of these features and their function in spoken English. In particular, Andersen
integrates the many discourse functions of “like” into a single unified account which is to my mind entirely plausible. This book is elegantly written and brimming with original ideas.”
analysis of “innit” / “is it” and “like”, and to advance our understanding of these features and their function in spoken English. In particular, Andersen
integrates the many discourse functions of “like” into a single unified account which is to my mind entirely plausible. This book is elegantly written and brimming with original ideas.”
Jenny Cheshire, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London
Cited by
Cited by 150 other publications
Adamczyk, Magdalena
2017. Chapter 13. On the pragmatic expansion of Polish gdzieś tam ‘somewhere (there)/about’. In Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles [Studies in Language Companion Series, 186], ► pp. 369 ff. 
Aijmer, Karin
2012. Grammar: Overview. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Aijmer, Karin
2014. Pragmatic markers. In Corpus Pragmatics, ► pp. 195 ff.
Aijmer, Karin
2015. “Will you fuck off please”. The use of please by London teenagers. Pragmática Sociocultural / Sociocultural Pragmatics 3:2 ► pp. 127 ff.
Aijmer, Karin
2018. Chapter 8. Positioning of self in interaction. In Positioning the Self and Others [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 292], ► pp. 177 ff.
Aijmer, Karin & Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen
ALTIPARMAK, Ayşe
2021. Eğitim Düzeyi Değişkeni Bağlamında ‘Gibi’ Söylem Belirleyicisinin Kullanımı. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
ALTIPARMAK, Ayşe
2021. “GİBİ” SÖYLEM BELİRLEYİCİSİNİN TÜRKÇE KONUŞMA DİLİNDEKİ İŞLEVSEL KULLANIMLARI. Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi
Altıparmak, Ayşe
2022. An Analysis of Turkish Interactional Discourse Markers ‘ŞEY’, ‘YANİ’, And ‘İŞTE’. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 51:4 ► pp. 729 ff.
Amador-Moreno, Carolina P.
2015. “There’s, like, total silence again, roysh, and no one says anything”. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 370 ff.
Amador-Moreno, Carolina P. & Kevin McCafferty
2015. “Sure this is a great country for drink and rowing at elections”. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 270 ff.
Ament, Jennifer, Carmen Pérez Vidal & Júlia Barón Parés
2022. The effects of English-medium instruction on the use of textual and interpersonal pragmatic markers. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 517 ff.
Amfo, Nana Aba Appiah
2022. Recurrence marking in Akan. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 151 ff.
Andersen, Gisle
2010. How to use corpus linguistics in sociolinguistics. In The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics, ► pp. 547 ff.
Andersen, Gisle
2014. Relevance. In Corpus Pragmatics, ► pp. 143 ff.
Andersen, Gisle
2021. Semi-lexical features in corpus transcription. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics ► pp. 323 ff.
Arizavi, Saleh & Yazdan Choubsaz
2019. To Use or Not to Use the Shorter Forms: A Corpus-Based Analysis of the Apologetic Expressions “Sorry and I’m sorry” in American Spoken English Discourse. Corpus Pragmatics 3:1 ► pp. 21 ff.
Peter Auer, Frans Hinskens & Paul Kerswill
2005. Dialect Change,
Axelsson, Karin
2018. Canonical Tag Questions in Contemporary British English. In Corpus Approaches to Contemporary British Speech, ► pp. 96 ff.
Barbieri, Federica
2008. Patterns of age-based linguistic variation in American English. Journal of Sociolinguistics 12:1 ► pp. 58 ff.
Barron, Anne
2015. “And your wedding is the twenty-second <.> of June is it?”. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 203 ff.
Barron, Anne & Irina Pandarova
2016. The Sociolinguistics of Language Use in Ireland. In Sociolinguistics in Ireland, ► pp. 107 ff.
Beeching, Kate, Chiara Ghezzi & Piera Molinelli
2018. Chapter 1. Introduction. In Positioning the Self and Others [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 292], ► pp. 1 ff.
Beeching, Kate, Grant Howie, Minna Kirjavainen & Anna Piasecki
2022. Discourse-pragmatic markers, fillers and filled pauses. Pragmatics & Cognition 29:2 ► pp. 181 ff.
Blanchard, Meaghan & Lieven Buysse
2021. Like in Discourse Marker Combinations in Spoken Interaction. Corpus Pragmatics 5:4 ► pp. 463 ff.
Bosker, Hans Rutger, Esperanza Badaya & Martin Corley
2021. Discourse Markers Activate Their, Like, Cohort Competitors. Discourse Processes 58:9 ► pp. 837 ff.
Breivik, Leiv Egil & Ana E. Martínez-Insua
2008. Grammaticalization, Subjectification and Non-Concord in English Existential Sentences. English Studies 89:3 ► pp. 351 ff.
Burridge, Kate
2014. Cos—A New Discourse Marker for Australian English?. Australian Journal of Linguistics 34:4 ► pp. 524 ff.
Buysse, Lieven & Meaghan Blanchard
2022. L1 and non-L1 perceptions of discourse markers in English. Pragmatics & Cognition 29:2 ► pp. 222 ff.
CALUDE, ANDREEA
2019. The use of heaps as quantifier and intensifier in New Zealand English. English Language and Linguistics 23:3 ► pp. 531 ff.
Calude, Andreea S.
2017. Sociolinguistic variation at the grammatical/discourse level. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 22:3 ► pp. 429 ff.
Caron, André H. & Letizia Caronia
2005. Bibliographie. In Culture mobile, ► pp. 301 ff.
Caxaj-Ruiz, Paula & Svetlana Kaminskaïa
2014. Compétences discursives de locuteurs du français L1 et L2 en contexte minoritaire. Revue du Nouvel-Ontario :39 ► pp. 165 ff.
Chady, Shimeen-Khan
2021. Pratiques langagières et variabilité de marqueurs discursifs dans des interactions entre jeunes Mauriciens. Études créoles :38 | 1-2
Cheshire, Jenny & Sue Fox
2009. Was/werevariation: A perspective from London. Language Variation and Change 21:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Childs, Claire
2021. Mechanisms of Grammaticalization in the Variation of Negative Question Tags. Journal of English Linguistics 49:4 ► pp. 419 ff.
Clausen, Yulia & Tatjana Scheffler
2022. A corpus-based analysis of meaning variations in German tag questions Evidence from spoken and written conversational corpora. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 18:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Cole, Amanda
2022. Cockney moved East: the dialect of the first generation of East Londoners raised in Essex. Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 30:1 ► pp. 91 ff.
Corrigan, Karen P. & Chloé Diskin
2020. ‘Northmen, Southmen, comrades all’? The adoption of discourselikeby migrants north and south of the Irish border. Language in Society 49:5 ► pp. 745 ff.
Cruz, Manuel Padilla
2019. Verbal humor and age in cafés and bars in Seville, Spain. In Pragmatic Variation in Service Encounter Interactions across the Spanish-Speaking World, ► pp. 169 ff.
de los Ángeles Gómez González, María & Maria da Purificação Moura Silvano
2022. A functional model for the tag question paradigm: The case of invariable tag questions in English and Portuguese. Lingua 272 ► pp. 103255 ff.
Deuber, Dagmar, Jakob R. E. Leimgruber & Andrea Sand
2018. Singaporean internet chit chat compared to informal spoken language*. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 33:1 ► pp. 48 ff.
Di Martino, Emilia
2022. New Digital Media and the Chav. In Indexing ‘Chav’ on Social Media, ► pp. 155 ff.
Dinkin, Aaron J.
Diskin, Chloé
2017. HeikePichler (ed.). Discourse‐Pragmatic Variation and Change in English: New Methods and Insights. Cambridge, U.K./New York: Cambridge University Press. 2016. 324 pp. Hb (9781107055766) US$110.00.. Journal of Sociolinguistics 21:2 ► pp. 293 ff.
Doval-Suárez, Susana M. & Elsa M. González Álvarez
2018. The use of tag questions in the oral production of L2 English learners. In The Construction of Discourse as Verbal Interaction [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 296], ► pp. 145 ff.
Duffield, Nigel
2019. Chapter 5. Illusory islands. In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Vietnamese Linguistics [Studies in Language Companion Series, 211], ► pp. 81 ff.
Dér, Csilla
2010. On the status of discourse markers. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 57:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Fedriani, Chiara & Piera Molinelli
2022. Managing turns, building common ground, planning discourse. Pragmatics & Cognition 29:2 ► pp. 347 ff.
Fedriani, Chiara & Andrea Sansó
2017. Introduction. Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles. In Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles [Studies in Language Companion Series, 186], ► pp. 1 ff.
Fuchs, Robert
2017. Do women (still) use more intensifiers than men?. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 22:3 ► pp. 345 ff.
Fuchs, Robert
2020. Sociolinguistic Variation in Intensifier Usage in Indian and British English. In Gender in World Englishes, ► pp. 47 ff.
Furkó, Bálint Péter
Furkó, Péter
2018. The Boundaries of Discourse Markers – Drawing Lines through Manual and Automatic Annotation. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 10:2 ► pp. 155 ff.
Furkó, Péter B.
2019. Exploring the Fuzzy Boundaries of Discourse Markers Through Manual and Automatic Annotation. In Fuzzy Boundaries in Discourse Studies, ► pp. 215 ff.
Furkó, Péter B.
2020. Preliminary Issues: Category Membership, Methodology, Alternative Perspectives on Discourse Markers. In Discourse Markers and Beyond, ► pp. 1 ff.
Furkó, Péter B.
2020. Discourse Markers in Scripted Discourse II: The Representation and Translation of Irish English Stereotypes in Contemporary Cinematography. In Discourse Markers and Beyond, ► pp. 165 ff.
GAUDY-CAMPBELL, Isabelle
2018. Margin within margin: a morphosyntactic approach of ain’t versus inni. E-rea :15.2
Goutsos, Dionysis
2017. Chapter 4. A corpus-based approach to functional markers in Greek. In Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles [Studies in Language Companion Series, 186], ► pp. 125 ff.
Gómez González, María de los Ángeles
2018. “God that came out quick didn’t it eh”. In The Construction of Discourse as Verbal Interaction [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 296], ► pp. 109 ff.
Gómez González, María de los Ángeles & J. Lachlan Mackenzie
2018. Introduction. In The Construction of Discourse as Verbal Interaction [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 296], ► pp. 1 ff.
Habasque, Pierre
2021. Isn’t the perception of LIKE by California college students, like, paradoxical?. Sociolinguistic Studies 15:2-4
Habasque, Pierre
2021. Is Creaky Voice a Valley Girl Feature? Stancetaking & Evolution of a Linguistic Stereotype. Anglophonia :32
Hancil, Sylvie
2021. Chapter 8. The final particle like in Northern English. In Studies at the Grammar-Discourse Interface [Studies in Language Companion Series, 219], ► pp. 230 ff.
Heidar, Davood Mashhadi & Reza Biria
2011. Sociopragmatic Functions of Discourse Markers in International Law Texts. Theory and Practice in Language Studies 1:11
HEİDARİ DARANİ, Laya & Mostafa Morady MOGHADDAM
2020. ‘Please’ as an impoliteness marker in English discourse. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics ► pp. 243 ff.
HENNECKE, INGA
2017. The impact of pragmatic markers and hedging on sentence comprehension: a case study ofcommeandgenre. Journal of French Language Studies 27:3 ► pp. 355 ff.
Hennecke, Inga & Wiltrud Mihatsch
2022. Pragmatische Marker im Deutschen, Englischen, Französischen, Italienischen und Spanischen. In Linguistik im Sprachvergleich, ► pp. 515 ff.
Holguín Mendoza, Claudia, Marco Shappeck & Maria del Puy Ciriza
2016. Vueltaen el español ecuatoriano yasíen el español fronterizo mexicano: usos subjetivos e intersubjetivos. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 9:2 ► pp. 299 ff.
Huneety, Anas, Asim Alkhawaldeh, Bassil Mashaqba, Zainab Zaidan & Abdallah Alshdaifat
2023. The use of discourse markers in argumentative compositions by Jordanian EFL learners. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 10:1
ILBURY, CHRISTIAN
2021. ‘Ey, wait, wait, gully!’ Style, stance and the social meaning of attention signals in East London adolescent speech. English Language and Linguistics 25:3 ► pp. 621 ff.
Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Katsunobu Izutsu
2018. Cross-varietal diversity in constructional entrenchment. In New Trends in Grammaticalization and Language Change [Studies in Language Companion Series, 202], ► pp. 381 ff.
Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Katsunobu Izutsu
2022.
American and Irish English speakers’ perceptions of the final particles
so
and
but
. World Englishes 41:2 ► pp. 207 ff.
Jarrah, Marwan, Sharif Alghazo & Yousef Bader
2021. Two Types of Concession: Evidence From Discourse Markers. SAGE Open 11:3 ► pp. 215824402110450 ff.
Jucker, A.H.
2006. Historical Pragmatics. In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, ► pp. 329 ff.
Jucker, Andreas H.
Jucker, Andreas H.
Kern, Joseph
2020. Likein English andcomo, como que, andlikein Spanish in the speech of Southern Arizona bilinguals. International Journal of Bilingualism 24:2 ► pp. 184 ff.
Khany, Reza, Mohammad Aliakbari & Saeedeh Mohammadi
2019. A model of rhetorical markers competence in writing academic research articles: a qualitative meta-synthesis. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education 4:1
KIESLING, SCOTT F.
2004. DUDE. American Speech 79:3 ► pp. 281 ff.
Kim, Ihnhee
2012. Phenomena of Discourse Marker Use of Bilingual Children and Implications for Heritage Language Education. The Korean Language in America 17:1 ► pp. 24 ff.
Kim, Ihnhee
2012. Phenomena of Discourse Marker Use of Bilingual Children and Implications for Heritage Language Education. The Korean Language in America 17:1 ► pp. 24 ff.
Kirk, John M.
2016. The Pragmatic Annotation Scheme of the SPICE-Ireland Corpus. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 21:3 ► pp. 299 ff.
Kirk, John M. & Gisle Andersen
2021. Compilation, transcription, markup and annotation of spoken corpora. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics ► pp. 291 ff.
Kleinknecht, Friederike & Miguel Souza
2017. Chapter 9. Vocatives as a source category for pragmatic markers. In Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles [Studies in Language Companion Series, 186], ► pp. 257 ff.
Koops, Christian & Arne Lohmann
2015. A quantitative approach to the grammaticalization of discourse markers. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20:2 ► pp. 232 ff.
Labrenz, Annika, Heike Wiese, Tatiana Pashkova & Shanley Allen
Lin, Yen-Liang
2022. Discourse marking in spoken intercultural communication between British and Taiwanese adolescent learners. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 221 ff.
Liu, Binmei
2022. The use of discourse markers but and so by native English speakers and Chinese speakers of English. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 479 ff.
Lohmann, Arne & Christian Koops
2016. Aspects of discourse marker sequencing. In Outside the Clause [Studies in Language Companion Series, 178], ► pp. 417 ff.
Maddeaux, Ruth & Aaron Dinkin
2017. Is like like like?: Evaluating the same variant across multiple variables. Linguistics Vanguard 3:1
Magliacane, Annarita
2020. Erasmus students in an Irish studyabroad context. Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education 5:1 ► pp. 89 ff.
Marano, Luca
2013. Le strutture contipo: uno studio di alcune configurazioni dell’italiano parlato. The Italianist 33:3 ► pp. 464 ff.
Marcus, Nicole E.
2009. Continuous Semantic Development of the Discourse MarkerWell. English Studies 90:2 ► pp. 214 ff.
Mareková, Lucia & Štefan Beňuš
2020. Slovak ‘no’ and its pragmatic meanings and functions in relation to prosody. Topics in Linguistics 21:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Marshall, Kaisa, Amanda Venta, Craig Henderson, Maria Barker & Carla Sharp
2017. Linguistic Analysis as a Method for Assessing Symptoms After Sexual Trauma Among Female Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 26:8 ► pp. 910 ff.
Matamala, Anna
2009. Interjections in Original and Dubbed Sitcoms in Catalan: A Comparison. Meta 54:3 ► pp. 485 ff.
Mihatsch, Wiltrud
2018. From ad hoc category to ad hoc categorization: The proceduralization of Argentinian Spanishtipo. Folia Linguistica 52:s39-s1 ► pp. 147 ff.
Mihatsch, Wiltrud
2021. Chapter 14. French type-noun constructions based on genre. In Building Categories in Interaction [Studies in Language Companion Series, 220], ► pp. 373 ff.
Millar, Sharon
2015. Blathering Beauties. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 292 ff.
Mohammed , Sura Jasim & Muhammed Badeaꞌ Ahmed
2018. Discourse Markers Functions in Social Interviews . Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 25:1 ► pp. 353 ff.
MOORE, EMMA & ROBERT PODESVA
2009. Style, indexicality, and the social meaning of tag questions. Language in Society 38:4 ► pp. 447 ff.
Murphy, Bróna
2015. A corpus-based investigation of pragmatic markers and sociolinguistic variation in Irish English. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 65 ff.
Nestor, Niamh & Vera Regan
2015. The significance of age and place of residence in the positional distribution of discourse like in L2 speech. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 408 ff.
Ortíz, Fernanda, Alberto Falcón & Asela Reig Alamillo
2023. The scalar meaning prediction in the processing of Spanish focus operators hasta and nada más. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 38:2 ► pp. 243 ff.
PALACIOS MARTÍNEZ, IGNACIO
2015. Variation, development and pragmatic uses ofinnitin the language of British adults and teenagers. English Language and Linguistics 19:3 ► pp. 383 ff.
Palacios Martínez, Ignacio M
2013. Zero quoting in the speech of British and Spanish teenagers: A contrastive corpus-based study. Discourse Studies 15:4 ► pp. 439 ff.
Palacios Martínez, Ignacio M.
2010. “It ain't Nothing to do with my School.” Variation and Pragmatic Uses ofain'tin the Language of British English Teenagers. English Studies 91:5 ► pp. 548 ff.
Palacios Martínez, Ignacio M.
2011. The Expression of Negation in British Teenagers’ Language: A Preliminary Study. Journal of English Linguistics 39:1 ► pp. 4 ff.
Palacios Martínez, Ignacio M. & Paloma Núñez Pertejo
2022. “Go up to miss thingy”. “He’s probably like a whatsit or something”.. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 425 ff.
PARVIAINEN, HANNA
2016. The invariant tagisn't itin Asian Englishes. World Englishes 35:1 ► pp. 98 ff.
Paulasto, Heli
2016. Variation and Change in the Grammar of Welsh English. In Sociolinguistics in Wales, ► pp. 123 ff.
Pennington, Martha C., Lawrence Lau & Itesh Sachdev
2011. Diversity in adoption of linguistic features of London English by Chinese and Bangladeshi adolescents. Language Learning Journal 39:2 ► pp. 177 ff.
Pichler, Heike
2010. Methods in discourse variation analysis: Reflections on the way forward1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 14:5 ► pp. 581 ff.
Pichler, Heike
2020. Tagging Monologic Narratives of Personal Experience. In Advancing Socio-grammatical Variation and Change, ► pp. 377 ff.
Pichler, Heike
2021. Grammaticalization and language contact in a discourse-pragmatic change in progress: The spread of innit in London English. Language in Society 50:5 ► pp. 723 ff.
Pichler, Heike, Suzanne Evans Wagner & Ashley Hesson
2018. Old-age language variation and change: Confronting variationist ageism. Language and Linguistics Compass 12:6 ► pp. e12281 ff.
Plastina, Anna Franca & Fabrizia Del Vecchio
2014. Diagnostic news delivery. In Communicating Certainty and Uncertainty in Medical, Supportive and Scientific Contexts [Dialogue Studies, 25], ► pp. 183 ff.
Rezaee, Mehrdad, Ferdows Aghagolzadeh & Parviz Birjandi
2014. The effect of lecturers' gender on the use of discourse markers. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning 4:2
Rodríguez-Abruñeiras, Paula
2020. Outlining a grammaticalization path for the Spanish formula en plan (de): A contribution to crosslinguistic pragmatics. Linguistics 58:6 ► pp. 1543 ff.
Rühlemann, Christoph
2010. Conversational Grammar- Feminine Grammar? A Sociopragmatic Corpus Study. Journal of English Linguistics 38:1 ► pp. 56 ff.
Sabet, Peyman G. P.
2019. On the functions of sort of in New Zealand TV programs. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29:1 ► pp. 33 ff.
Said-Mohand, Aixa
2008. Aproximación sociolingüística al uso de entonces en el habla de jóvenes bilingües estadounidenses. Sociolinguistic Studies 2:1 ► pp. 97 ff.
Schoning, Christian, Jørn Helder & Chloé Diskin-Holdaway
2023. Vi snakker sådan: An analysis of the Danish discourse-pragmatic marker sådan. Nordic Journal of Linguistics 46:1 ► pp. 46 ff.
Schweinberger, Martin
2015. A comparative study of the pragmatic marker like in Irish English and in south-eastern varieties of British English. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 114 ff.
Schweinberger, Martin
2020. Speech-unit final like in Irish English. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 41:1 ► pp. 89 ff.
Stenström, Anna-Brita
2012. Grammatical Variation in Adolescent Language. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Tabrizi, Hossein Heidari & Ramin Vaezi
2015. The Pedagogical Influence of Interpersonal and Cognitive Discourse Markers on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension. Theory and Practice in Language Studies 5:8 ► pp. 1570 ff.
Tagliamonte, Sali A.
2021.
Wait, It’s a Discourse Marker. American Speech 96:4 ► pp. 424 ff.
Torgersen, Eivind, Costas Gabrielatos & Sebastian Hoffmann
2017. A Corpus-Based Analysis of the Pragmatic Marker You Get Me. In Studies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics, ► pp. 176 ff.
Tottie, Gunnel
2016. Planning what to say. In Outside the Clause [Studies in Language Companion Series, 178], ► pp. 97 ff.
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs
2016. On the rise of types of clause-final pragmatic markers in English. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 17:1 ► pp. 26 ff.
Usonienė, Aurelija
2013. On the morphosyntactic status of complement-taking predicate clauses in Lithuanian. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 45:1 ► pp. 73 ff.
Van Bogaert, Julie & Torsten Leuschner
2015. Dutch ('t) schijnt and german scheint(')s: on the grammaticalization of evidential particles. Studia Linguistica 69:1 ► pp. 86 ff.
Vaughan, Elaine & Brian Clancy
2016. Sociolinguistic Information and Irish English Corpora. In Sociolinguistics in Ireland, ► pp. 365 ff.
Viola, Lorella
2020. On the diachrony of giusto? (‘right?’) in Italian. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 21:1 ► pp. 83 ff.
Viola, Lorella
2022. On the use of sì? (‘yes?’) as invariant follow-up in Italian. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 23:2 ► pp. 175 ff.
Wałaszewska, Ewa
2013. Like in Similes – A Relevance-Theoretic View. Research in Language 11:3 ► pp. 323 ff.
Willoughby, Louisa, Donna Starks & Kerry Taylor-Leech
2015. What their friends say about the way they talk: the metalanguage of pre-adolescent and adolescent Australians. Language Awareness 24:1 ► pp. 84 ff.
WILSON, GUYANNE, MICHAEL WESTPHAL, JOHANNA HARTMANN & DAGMAR DEUBER
2017. The use of question tags in different text types of Trinidadian English. World Englishes 36:4 ► pp. 726 ff.
Wilson, John & Heather Walker
2015. Pragmatic markers as implicit emotive anchoring. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 248 ff.
Wiltschko, Martina, Derek Denis & Alexandra D'Arcy
2018. Deconstructing variation in pragmatic function: A transdisciplinary case study. Language in Society 47:4 ► pp. 569 ff.
Xie, Chaoqun
2003. Review of Noh (2000): Metarepresentation. A Relevance-theory Approach. Studies in Language 27:1 ► pp. 171 ff.
Zheng, Qun
2015. Revisiting You Know Using the BNCweb Query System: a Sociopragmatic Analysis. In Researching Sociopragmatic Variability, ► pp. 94 ff.
Çabuk, Sakine
2020. Discourse particles in Kurmanjî Kurdish-Turkish contact. International Journal of Multilingualism 17:4 ► pp. 467 ff.
Šliogerienė, Jolita, Giedrė Valūnaitė Oleškevičienė & Vilma Asijavičiūtė
2015. Discourse Relational Devices of Contrast in Lithuanian and English. Coactivity: Philology, Educology 23:2 ► pp. 92 ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 7 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
Subjects
Main BIC Subject
CF: Linguistics
Main BISAC Subject
LAN009000: LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General